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Micro-bubble morphologies following drop impacts onto a pool surface

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  14 August 2012

S. T. Thoroddsen ,
M.-J. Thoraval ,
K. Takehara  and
T. G. Etoh
S. T. Thoroddsen*
Affiliation:
Division of Physical Sciences and Engineering and Clean Combustion Research Center, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
M.-J. Thoraval
Affiliation:
Division of Physical Sciences and Engineering and Clean Combustion Research Center, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
K. Takehara
Affiliation:
Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Kinki University, Higashi-Osaka 577-8502, Japan
T. G. Etoh
Affiliation:
Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Kinki University, Higashi-Osaka 577-8502, Japan
*
†Email address for correspondence: sigurdur.thoroddsen@kaust.edu.sa
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Abstract

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When a drop impacts at low velocity onto a pool surface, a hemispheric air layer cushions and can delay direct contact. Herein we use ultra-high-speed video to study the rupture of this layer, to explain the resulting variety of observed distribution of bubbles. The size and distribution of micro-bubbles is determined by the number and location of the primary punctures. Isolated holes lead to the formation of bubble necklaces when the edges of two growing holes meet, whereas bubble nets are produced by regular shedding of micro-bubbles from a sawtooth edge instability. For the most viscous liquids the air film contracts more rapidly than the capillary–viscous velocity through repeated spontaneous ruptures of the edge. From the speed of hole opening and the total volume of micro-bubbles we conclude that the air sheet ruptures when its thickness approaches .

JFM classification

Drops and Bubbles: Breakup/coalescence Drops and Bubbles: Drops Interfacial Flows (free surface): Thin films
Type
Papers
Information
Journal of Fluid Mechanics , Volume 708 , 10 October 2012 , pp. 469 - 479
Creative Commons
The online version of this article is published within an Open Access environment subject to the conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike licence . The written permission of Cambridge University Press must be obtained for commercial re-use.
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 2012 The online version of this article is published within an Open Access environment subject to the conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike licence <http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/2.5/>. The written permission of Cambridge University Press must be obtained for commercial re-use.

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