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How spanwise travelling transversal surface waves change the near-wall flow

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  23 February 2023

Esther Mäteling Open the ORCID record for Esther Mäteling [Opens in a new window] ,
Marian Albers Open the ORCID record for Marian Albers [Opens in a new window]  and
Wolfgang Schröder Open the ORCID record for Wolfgang Schröder [Opens in a new window]
Esther Mäteling*
Affiliation:
Institute of Aerodynamics, RWTH Aachen University, Wüllnerstraße 5a, 52062 Aachen, Germany
Marian Albers
Affiliation:
Institute of Aerodynamics, RWTH Aachen University, Wüllnerstraße 5a, 52062 Aachen, Germany
Wolfgang Schröder
Affiliation:
Institute of Aerodynamics, RWTH Aachen University, Wüllnerstraße 5a, 52062 Aachen, Germany JARA Center for Simulation and Data Science, RWTH Aachen University, Seffenter Weg 23, 52074 Aachen, Germany
*
†Email address for correspondence: e.maeteling@aia.rwth-aachen.de
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Abstract

The alteration of the near-wall flow field of a turbulent boundary layer flow subjected to spanwise travelling transversal surface waves at a friction Reynolds number $Re_\tau \approx 1525$ is investigated. The results of a spatial noise-assisted multivariate empirical mode decomposition reveal that this flow control method periodically induces near-wall large-scale bursts while simultaneously lowering the energetic content of small-scale features. The increasing occurrence of intense large-scale ejections in the near-wall region is of particular importance for reducing the wall-shear stress since these ejections balance large-scale sweeps originating from the outer layer. Thus, they corrupt the outer-layer impact on the near-wall dynamics and, consequently, the overall fluctuation intensity at the wall is attenuated. This disturbed top-down momentum exchange is highlighted by an inner–outer interaction analysis, which further reveals an increased bottom-up communication provoked by the large-scale ejections. Moreover, it is shown that the periodic secondary flow field induced by the actuation interferes with the quasi-streamwise vortices in the near-wall region. The velocity gradients of the secondary flow field deform the vortices’ cross-section into an elliptic shape, which yields an unstable vortex state resulting in vortex disintegration. In combination with the effect of the large-scale ejections, the reduced number of quasi-streamwise vortices compared with the undisturbed boundary layer flow results in a decreased wall-normal momentum exchange and the widening and weakening of near-wall streaks. This yields a reduced fluctuation intensity in the near-wall region that lowers the overall wall-shear stress level.

JFM classification

Boundary Layers: Boundary layer control Flow Control: Drag reduction Turbulent Flows: Turbulence control
Type
JFM Papers
Information
Journal of Fluid Mechanics , Volume 957 , 25 February 2023 , A30
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Copyright
© The Author(s), 2023. Published by Cambridge University Press

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