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Experimental investigation of velocity and temperature distribution inside single droplet impingement on a heated substrate

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  22 November 2024

Ruina Xu Open the ORCID record for Ruina Xu [Opens in a new window] ,
Gaoyuan Wang ,
Xun Zhu Open the ORCID record for Xun Zhu [Opens in a new window]  and
Peixue Jiang Open the ORCID record for Peixue Jiang [Opens in a new window]
Ruina Xu
Affiliation:
Department of Energy and Power Engineering, Key Laboratory for Thermal Science and Power Engineering of Ministry of Education, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, PR China
Gaoyuan Wang
Affiliation:
Department of Energy and Power Engineering, Key Laboratory for Thermal Science and Power Engineering of Ministry of Education, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, PR China
Xun Zhu
Affiliation:
Department of Energy and Power Engineering, Key Laboratory for Thermal Science and Power Engineering of Ministry of Education, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, PR China
Peixue Jiang*
Affiliation:
Department of Energy and Power Engineering, Key Laboratory for Thermal Science and Power Engineering of Ministry of Education, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, PR China
*
†Email address for correspondence: jiangpx@tsinghua.edu.cn
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Abstract

Droplet impingement on a heated substrate is the fundamental process underlying various technologies, ranging from spray cooling to inkjet printing. Understanding the coupled effects of fluid dynamics and heat transfer patterns during droplet jumping, boiling and evaporation, which determine the outcomes of the impingement process, is essential. Here, we developed two-colour planar laser-induced fluorescence and micro-particle image velocimetry technologies to measure quantitatively the velocity and temperature distributions inside the droplet during an impingement process with high temporal and spatial resolution. With our novel measuring system, the hot spots at the solid–liquid interface are discovered for the first time. The influence of contact boiling on the droplet internal mixing, which impedes droplet recoiling and reduces the rebounding velocity, is discussed. A significant enhancement in heat absorption for partially rebounding droplets is discovered, where the impingement heat transfer rate is doubled compared to other vapour-layer-covered droplets. The scaling correlations of viscous dissipation rate and contact time of rebounding droplets, as well as the time variation of droplet temperature rise, are proposed. More detailed patterns inside droplets can be captured by these experimental methods, which will help to reveal more intrinsic mechanisms lying in thermally induced flow, complex fluids and droplet-impacting-based technologies.

JFM classification

Drops and Bubbles: Drops Multiphase and Particle-laden Flows: Multiphase flow Phase change: Condensation/evaporation
Type
JFM Papers
Information
Journal of Fluid Mechanics , Volume 999 , 25 November 2024 , A93
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Copyright
© The Author(s), 2024. Published by Cambridge University Press

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