Hostname: page-component-669899f699-tzmfd Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2025-04-25T11:46:45.577Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Three-dimensional numerical simulation of flow past a rotating step cylinder

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  08 May 2023

Ming Zhao Open the ORCID record for Ming Zhao [Opens in a new window]  and
Qin Zhang Open the ORCID record for Qin Zhang [Opens in a new window]
Ming Zhao
Affiliation:
School of Engineering, Design and Built Environment, Western Sydney University, Penrith, NSW 2751, Australia
Qin Zhang*
Affiliation:
College of Engineering, Ocean University of China, 238 Songling Road, Qingdao 266100, PR China
*
†Email address for correspondence: zhangqin2000@ouc.edu.cn
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

Flow past a rotating step cylinder is investigated through three-dimensional numerical simulations for a diameter ratio of 0.5 and a Reynolds number of 150. The step cylinder comprises two cylinders with different diameters arranged coaxially with a step between them. The rotation rate α is defined as the ratio of the rotation speed of the larger cylinder surface to the free-stream velocity. Vortex shedding happens for both cylinders at α = 0, 0.5 and 1, and is suppressed only for the larger cylinder at α = 2 and 3 and fully suppressed for both cylinders at α = 4. The vortex shedding suppression for the larger cylinder or for both cylinders has significant effects on the wake. The S-, N- and L-cells at α = 0 are in good agreement with those reported in previous studies and still exist at α = 1. The N-cell disappears at α = 0.5, and as a result, the L- and S-cells interact with each other directly at the step position. An additional cellular zone is found at α = 0.5 and 1 and this zone has multiple cells with vortex dislocation between them. At α = 2 and 3, there is a strong hub vortex in the streamwise direction behind the step and the vortices in the wake of the smaller cylinder form helical vortices after they roll around this hub vortex. The hub vortex is generated by the difference between the Magnus effect between the smaller and larger cylinders. At α = 4, the hub vortex still exists but the helical vortices disappear because vortex shedding is suppressed for both cylinders. At this rotation rate, the pressure on the cylinder surface oscillates with a frequency much higher than the vortex shedding frequency. The oscillation of the pressure is caused by the combination of periodic generation of ring vortices and their motion along the span of the larger cylinder.

JFM classification

Vortex Flows: Vortex shedding
Type
JFM Papers
Information
Journal of Fluid Mechanics , Volume 962 , 10 May 2023 , A45
Check for updates
Copyright
© The Author(s), 2023. Published by Cambridge University Press

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

Article purchase

Temporarily unavailable

References

Badr, H.M., Coutanceau, M., Dennis, S.C.R. & Ménard, C. 1990 Unsteady flow past a rotating circular cylinder at Reynolds numbers 103 and 104. J. Fluid Mech. 220, 459–484.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Chew, Y.T., Cheng, M. & Luo, S.C. 1995 A numerical study of flow past a rotating circular cylinder using a hybrid vortex scheme. J. Fluid Mech. 299, 35–71.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Chou, M.H. 2000 Numerical study of vortex shedding from a rotating cylinder immersed in a uniform flow field. Intl J. Numer. Meth. Fluids 32, 545–567.3.0.CO;2-2>CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Dunn, W. & Tavoularis, S. 2006 Experimental studies of vortices shed from cylinders with a step-change in diameter. J. Fluid Mech. 555, 409–437.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Dunn, W. & Tavoularis, S. 2011 Vortex shedding from a step-cylinder in spanwise sheared flow. Phys. Fluids 23, 035109.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
El Akoury, R., Braza, M., Perrin, R., Harran, G. & Hoarau, Y. 2008 The three-dimensional transition in the flow around a rotating cylinder. J. Fluid Mech. 607, 1–11.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Giacobello, M., Ooi, A. & Balachandar, S. 2009 Wake structure of a transversely rotating sphere at moderate Reynolds numbers. J. Fluid Mech. 621, 103–130.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Jeong, J. & Hussain, F. 1995 On the identification of a vortex. J. Fluid Mech. 285, 69–94.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Ji, C., Cui, Y., Xu, D., Yang, X. & Srinil, N. 2019 Vortex-induced vibrations of dual-step cylinders with different diameter ratios in laminar flows. Phys. Fluids 31, 073602.Google Scholar
Ji, C., Yang, X., Yu, Y., Cui, Y. & Srinil, N. 2020 Numerical simulations of flows around a dual step cylinder with different diameter ratios at low Reynolds number. Eur. J. Mech. (B/Fluids) 79, 332–344.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kang, S. 2006 Laminar flow over a steadily rotating circular cylinder under the influence of uniform shear. Phys. Fluids 18, 047106.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kang, S., Choi, H. & Lee, S. 1999 Laminar flow past a rotating circular cylinder. Phys. Fluids 11, 3312–3321.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lam, K.M. 2009 Vortex shedding flow behind a slowly rotating circular cylinder. J. Fluids Struct. 25, 245–262.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lewis, C.G. & Gharib, M. 1992 An exploration of the wake three dimensionalities caused by a local discontinuity in cylinder diameter. Phys. Fluids A 4, 104–117.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Mittal, S. 2004 Three-dimensional instabilities in flow past a rotating cylinder. Trans. ASME J. Appl. Mech. 71, 89–95.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Mittal, S. & Kumar, B. 2003 Flow past a rotating cylinder. J. Fluid Mech. 476, 303–334.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Morton, C. & Yarusevych, S. 2010 Vortex shedding in the wake of a step cylinder. Phys. Fluids 22, 083602.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Morton, C. & Yarusevych, S. 2012 An experimental investigation of flow past a dual step cylinder. Exp. Fluids 52, 69–83.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Morton, C. & Yarusevych, S. 2014 Vortex dynamics in the turbulent wake of a single step cylinder. Trans. ASME J. Fluids Engng 136, 031204.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Morton, C., Yarusevych, S. & Carvajal-Mariscal, I. 2009 Study of flow over a step cylinder. Appl. Mech. Mater. 15, 9–14.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Morton, C., Yarusevych, S. & Scarano, F. 2016 A tomographic particle image velocimetry investigation of the flow development over dual step cylinders. Phys. Fluids 28, 025104.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Munir, A., Zhao, M., Wu, H. & Lu, L. 2019 Numerical investigation of wake flow regimes behind a high-speed rotating circular cylinder in steady flow. J. Fluid Mech. 878, 875–906.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Munir, A., Zhao, M., Wu, H., Lu, L. & Ning, D. 2018 Three-dimensional numerical investigation of vortex-induced vibration of a rotating circular cylinder in uniform flow. Phys. Fluids 30, 053602.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Nagata, T., Nonomura, T., Takahashi, S., Mizuno, Y. & Fukuda, K. 2018 Direct numerical simulation of flow past a transversely rotating sphere up to a Reynolds number of 300 in compressible flow. J. Fluid Mech. 857, 878–906.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Narasimhamurthy, V.D., Andersson, H.I. & Pettersen, B. 2009 Cellular vortex shedding behind a tapered circular cylinder. Phys. Fluids 21, 044106.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Navrose, J.M. & Mittal, S. 2015 Three-dimensional flow past a rotating cylinder. J. Fluid Mech. 766, 28–53.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Norberg, C. 1994 An experimental investigation of the flow around a circular cylinder: Influence of aspect ratio. J. Fluid Mech. 258, 287–316.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Pralits, J.O., Brandt, L. & Giannetti, F. 2010 Instability and sensitivity of the flow around a rotating circular cylinder. J. Fluid Mech. 650, 513–536.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Rajamuni, M.M., Thompson, M.C. & Hourigan, K. 2018 Vortex-induced vibration of a transversely rotating sphere. J. Fluid Mech. 847, 786–820.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Rao, A., Thompson, M.C., Leweke, T. & Hourigan, K. 2013 Dynamics and stability of the wake behind tandem cylinders sliding along a wall. J. Fluid Mech. 722, 291–316.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Shi, H., Wang, T., Zhao, M. & Zhang, Q. 2022 Modal analysis of non-ducted and ducted propeller wake under axis flow. Phys. Fluids 34, 055128.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Shin, J. 2019 Partially rotating stepped cylinder and pulmonary arterial hypertension: external and internal flow CFD investigations. Master thesis, California State University, Long Beach.Google Scholar
Stojković, D., Breuer, M. & Durst, F. 2002 Effect of high rotation rates on the laminar flow around a circular cylinder. Phys. Fluids 14, 3160–3178.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Tian, C., Jiang, F., Pettersen, B. & Andersson, H.I. 2017 Antisymmetric vortex interactions in the wake behind a step cylinder. Phys. Fluids 29, 101704.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Tian, C., Jiang, F., Pettersen, B. & Andersson, H.I. 2020 a Diameter ratio effects in the wake flow of single step cylinders. Phys. Fluids 32, 0015378.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Tian, C., Jiang, F., Pettersen, B. & Andersson, H.I. 2020 b Vortex dislocation mechanisms in the near wake of a step cylinder. J. Fluid Mech. 891, A24.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Vallès, B., Andersson, H.I. & Jenssen, C.B. 2002 Direct-mode interactions in the wake behind a stepped cylinder. Phys. Fluids 14, 1548–1551.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Williamson, C.H.K. 1989 Oblique and parallel modes of vortex shedding in the wake of a circular cylinder at low Reynolds numbers. J. Fluid Mech. 206, 579–627.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Williamson, C.H.K. 1996 Vortex dynamics in the cylinder wake. Annu. Rev. Fluid Mech. 28, 477–539.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Yagita, M., Kojima, Y. & Matsuzaki, K. 1984 On vortex shedding from circular cylinder with step. Bull. JSME 27, 426–431.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Yang, Y., Feng, Z. & Zhang, M. 2022 Onset of vortex shedding around a short cylinder. J. Fluid Mech. 933, A7.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Zhao, M. 2021 Flow past a circular cylinder and a downstream sphere for Re<300. J. Fluid Mech. 913, A20.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Zhao, M., Cheng, L. & Lu, L. 2014 Vortex induced vibrations of a rotating circular cylinder at low Reynolds number. Phys. Fluids 26, 073602.Google Scholar
Zhao, M., Cheng, L. & Zhou, T. 2009 Direct numerical simulation of three-dimensional flow past a yawed circular cylinder of infinite length. J. Fluids Struct. 25, 831–847.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Zhao, M., Mamoon, A.A. & Wu, H. 2021 Numerical study of the flow past two wall-mounted finite-length square cylinders in tandem arrangement. Phys. Fluids 33, 093603.CrossRefGoogle Scholar