Hostname: page-component-cb9f654ff-pvkqz Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2025-09-03T16:29:53.516Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

The availability of the nitrogen in the crop residues of winter wheat to subsequent crops

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  27 March 2009

P. B. S. Hart ,
D. S. Powlson ,
P. R. Poulton ,
A. E. Johnston  and
D. S. Jenkinson
P. B. S. Hart
Affiliation:
AFRC Institute of Arable Crops Research, Soil Science Department, Rothamsted Experimental Station, Harpenden, Herts AL5 2JQ, UK
D. S. Powlson
Affiliation:
AFRC Institute of Arable Crops Research, Soil Science Department, Rothamsted Experimental Station, Harpenden, Herts AL5 2JQ, UK
P. R. Poulton
Affiliation:
AFRC Institute of Arable Crops Research, Soil Science Department, Rothamsted Experimental Station, Harpenden, Herts AL5 2JQ, UK
A. E. Johnston
Affiliation:
AFRC Institute of Arable Crops Research, Soil Science Department, Rothamsted Experimental Station, Harpenden, Herts AL5 2JQ, UK
D. S. Jenkinson
Affiliation:
AFRC Institute of Arable Crops Research, Soil Science Department, Rothamsted Experimental Station, Harpenden, Herts AL5 2JQ, UK
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Summary

Three field experiments in Eastern England, in which 15N-labelled fertilizer had been applied to winter wheat, were used to measure the persistence of the labelled N remaining in soil and stubble at harvest and the availability of this N to up to four subsequent wheat crops. A portion of the labelled fertilizer N quickly became stabilized in the soil, with only small and ever-decreasing amounts recovered by subsequent crops. Combining all sites, all years and all applications of fertilizer, 6·6±1·92 (S.D.) % of the labelled fertilizer remaining in soil (0–70 cm) plus stubble in the year of application was taken up by the next wheat crop, i.e. by the first ‘residual year’ crop. A further 3·5±0·39% was taken up in the second residual year, 2·2±0·43% in the third and 2·2% in the fourth. Loss of residual labelled N was more rapid from a sandy soil than from two heavier-textured soils, particularly in the first residual year. After four residual crops on one of the heavier soils (at Rothamsted), 16% of the labelled N remaining in soil (0–70 cm) and stubble in the year of application had been taken up by the crops, c. 29% had been lost from the soil/crop system and 55% remained in the soil.

Information

Type
Crops and Soils
Information
The Journal of Agricultural Science , Volume 121 , Issue 3 , December 1993 , pp. 355 - 362
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 1993

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

Article purchase

Temporarily unavailable

References

REFERENCES

Bradbury, N. J., Whitmore, A. P., Hart, P. B. S. & Jenkinson, D. S. (1993). Modelling the fate of nitrogen in crop and soil in the years following application of 15N-labelled fertilizer to winter wheat. Journal of Agricultural Science, Cambridge 121, 363–379.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Dowdell, R. J. & Crees, R. (1980). The uptake of 15N-labelled fertiliser by winter wheat and its immobilisation in a clay soil after direct drilling or ploughing. Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture 31, 992–996.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Follett, R. F., Porter, L. K. & Halvorson, A. D. (1991). Border effects on nitrogen-15 fertilized winter wheat microplots grown in the Great Plains. Agronomy Journal 83, 608–612.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Fredrickson, J. K., Koehler, F. E. & Cheng, H. H. (1982). Availability of 15N-labeled nitrogen in fertilizer and in wheat straw to wheat in tilled and no-till soil. Soil Science Society of America Journal 46, 1218–1222.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Huber, R., Keller, E. R., Schwendimann, F. & Soldati, A. (1989). Biologische N-Fixierung der Ackerbohnen und deren Auswirkungen auf den N-Haushalt des Bodens im Rahmen getreidebetonter Fruchtfolgen. Bodenkultur 40, 25–36.Google Scholar
Jenkinson, D. S. (1977). Studies on the decomposition of plant material in soil. V. The effects of plant cover and soil type on the loss of carbon from 14C labelled ryegrass decomposing under field conditions. Journal of Soil Science 28, 424–434.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Ladd, J. N. & Amato, M. (1986). The fate of nitrogen from legume and fertiliser sources in soils successively cropped with wheat under field conditions. Soil Biology and Biochemistry 18, 417–425.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Leitch, M. H. & Vaidyanathan, L. V. (1983). N use by winter wheat established in cultivated and direct-drilled soils. Journal of Agricultural Science, Cambridge 100, 461–471.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lindberg, T., Bonde, T. A., Bergström, L., Pettersson, R., Rosswall, T. & Schnürer, J. (1989). Distribution of 15N in the soil-plant system during a four-year field lysimeter study with barley (Hordeum distichum L.) and perennial meadow fescue (Festuca pratensis Huds.) Plant and Soil 119, 25–37.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Macdonald, A. J., Powlson, D. S., Poulton, P. R. & Jenkinson, D. S. (1989). Unused fertiliser nitrogen in arable soils – its contribution to nitrate leaching. Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture 46, 407–419.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Mary, B. (1987). Effets du précédent culture sur la disponibilité du sol en azote minéral. Compe Rendu des Seances de l'Académic d'Agriculture de France 73, 57–69.Google Scholar
Myers, R. J. K. & Paul, E. A. (1971). Plant uptake and immobilisation of N-labelled ammonium nitrate in a field experiment with wheat. In Nitrogen-15 in Soil-Plant Studies, pp. 55–64. Vienna: IAEA.Google Scholar
Powlson, D. S., Pruden, G., Johnston, A. E. & Jenkinson, D. S. (1986 a). The nitrogen cycle in the Broadbalk Wheat Experiment: recovery and losses of 15N-labelled fertilizer applied in spring and inputs of nitrogen from the atmosphere. Journal of Agricultural Science, Cambridge 107, 591–609.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Powlson, D. S., Hart, P. B. S., Pruden, G. & Jenkinson, D. S. (1986 b). Recovery of 15N-labelled fertilizer applied in autumn to winter wheat at four sites in eastern England. Journal of Agricultural Science, Cambridge 107, 611–620.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Powlson, D. S., Hart, P. B. S., Poulton, P. R., Johnston, A. E. & Jenkinson, D. S. (1992). Influence of soil type, crop management and weather on the recovery of 15N-labelled fertilizer applied to winter wheat in spring. Journal of Agricultural Science, Cambridge 118, 83–100.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Pruden, G., Powlson, D. S. & Jenkinson, D. S. (1985). The measurement of 15N in soil and plant material. Fertilizer Research 6, 205–218.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Riga, A., Fischer, V. & Van Praag, H. J. (1980). Fate of fertilizer nitrogen applied to winter wheat as Na15NO3 and (15NH4)2SO4 studied in microplots through a fourcourse rotation: 1. Influence of fertilizer splitting on soil and fertilizer nitrogen. Soil Science 130, 88–99.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Sanchez, C. A., Blackmer, A. M., Horton, R. & Timmons, D. R. (1987). Assessment of errors associated with plot size and lateral movement of nitrogen-15 when studying fertilizer recovery under field conditions. Soil Science 144, 344–351.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Shen, S-M., Hart, P. B. S., Powlson, D. S. & Jenkinson, D. S. (1989). The nitrogen cycle in the Broadbalk wheat experiment: 15N-labelled fertilizer residues in the soil and in the soil microbial biomass. Soil Biology and Biochemistry 21, 529–533.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Sibbesen, E. (1986). Soil movement in long-term field experiments. Plant and Soil 91, 73–85.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
White, P. J., Vallis, I. & Saffigna, P. G. (1986). The effect of stubble management on the availability of 15N-labelled residual fertilizer nitrogen and crop stubble nitrogen in an irrigated black earth. Australian Journal of Experimental Agriculture 26, 99–106.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Woodcock, T. M., Pruden, G., Powlson, D. S. & Jenkinson, D. S. (1982). Apparatus for applying 15N-labelled fertilizer uniformly to field micro-plots. Journal of Agricultural Engineering Research 27, 369–372.CrossRefGoogle Scholar