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GIRD-I BEGUM – REPORT ON THE 2022 EXCAVATIONS

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  23 January 2025

Susan Pollock ,
Reinhard Bernbeck ,
Nolwen Rol ,
M. Bianca D’Anna ,
Hussein Hama Gharib ,
Clara Abai ,
Jana Eger ,
J. Lennard Schönberg ,
Malinda Tolay  and
Lisa Wolff-Heger
Susan Pollock
Affiliation:
Freie Universität Berlin Germany spollock@zedat.fu-berlin.de
Reinhard Bernbeck
Affiliation:
Freie Universität Berlin Germany rbernbec@zedat.fu-berlin.de
Nolwen Rol
Affiliation:
Freie Universität Berlin Germany nolwen.rol@fu-berlin.de
M. Bianca D’Anna
Affiliation:
Technische Universität Wien Vienna Austria mbdanna@hotmail.com
Hussein Hama Gharib
Affiliation:
Sulaymaniyah Directorate of Antiquities and Heritage Sulaymaniyah Iraq (Kurdistan)
Clara Abai
Affiliation:
Freie Universität Berlin Germany
Jana Eger
Affiliation:
Curt-Engelhorn-Zentrum Archäometrie Mannheim Germany jana.eger@ceza.de
J. Lennard Schönberg
Affiliation:
Freie Universität Berlin Germany
Malinda Tolay
Affiliation:
Freie Universität Berlin Germany
Lisa Wolff-Heger
Affiliation:
Freie Universität Berlin Germany
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Abstract

In the summer of 2022, renewed excavations were conducted at the site of Gird-i Begum in the Shahrizor Plain, Kurdistan Region of Iraq. The project aims to examine patterns of mobility, exchange, and resource acquisition practiced by the inhabitants of Gird-i Begum over time. To do so we re-examine the stratigraphic sequence, with a focus on continuities and breaks in site occupation. While the earliest occupation of the site dates to the Halaf period, with limited occupation traces attested during the Ubaid period, the settlement appears to have reached its largest extent during the Late Chalcolithic, which was one of the main foci of this year’s investigations. Our excavations confirmed the presence of Late Chalcolithic levels on the Upper Mound, with an analysis of the pottery as well as 14C dates indicating a chronological span from LC 3 to early LC 4. Work on the Lower Mound brought to light a substantial and previously undocumented Early Bronze Age occupation phase in the early third millennium B.C.E. The massive presence of snails characterizing layers of both periods additionally raised intriguing questions about subsistence strategies and potential crisis at the site.

جيرد بيجوم – تقرير عن حفريات 2022

سوزان بولوك، رينهارد بيرنبك، نولوين رول، م. بيانكا دانا، وحسين حمه غريب

في صيف عام 2022، تم تجديد أعمال التنقيب في موقع جيرد-ي بيجوم في سهل شهرزور بإقليم كردستان العراق. يهدف المشروع إلى دراسة أنماط التنقل والتبادل والحصول على الموارد التي يمارسها سكان جيرد-ي بيجوم مع مرور الوقت. وللقيام بذلك، قمنا بإعادة فحص التسلسل الطبقي، مع التركيز على الاستمرارية والانقطاعات في إشغال الموقع. في حين أن أقدم استيطان للموقع يعود إلى فترة هلف، مع وجود آثار استيطان محدودة خلال فترة عبيد، يبدو أن الاستيطان قد وصل إلى أقصى حد له خلال العصر النحاسي المتأخر، والذي كان أحد المحاور الرئيسية لتحقيقات هذا العام. أكدت حفرياتنا وجود مستويات العصر النحاسي المتأخر في التل الأعلى، ومع تحليل للفخار وكذلك تواريخ 14C تشير إلى فترة زمنية من LC3 إلى أوائل LC4. سلط العمل في التل السفلي الضوء على مرحلة استيطان كبيرة وغير موثقة من قبل من العصر البرونزي المبكر في أوائل الألفية الثالثة قبل الميلاد. بالإضافة إلى ذلك، أثار الوجود الهائل للقواقع التي تميز طبقات كلتا الفترتين أسئلة مثيرة للاهتمام حول استراتيجيات العيش والأزمة المحتملة في الموقع.

Type
Research Article
Information
IRAQ , First View , pp. 1 - 37
Copyright
© The British Institute for the Study of Iraq 2025

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