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Laboratory evaluation of some eastern African Meliaceae as sources of larvicidal botanicals for Anopheles gambiae

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  28 February 2007

Mary Ndung'u ,
Baldwyn Torto ,
Bart G.J. Knols  and
Ahmed Hassanali
Mary Ndung'u*
Affiliation:
International Centre of Insect Physiology and Ecology (ICIPE), PO Box 30772, Nairobi, Kenya: Department of Chemistry, Jomo Kenyatta University of Agriculture and Technology, PO Box 62000, Nairobi, Kenya
Baldwyn Torto
Affiliation:
International Centre of Insect Physiology and Ecology (ICIPE), PO Box 30772, Nairobi, Kenya:
Bart G.J. Knols
Affiliation:
International Centre of Insect Physiology and Ecology (ICIPE), PO Box 30772, Nairobi, Kenya:
Ahmed Hassanali
Affiliation:
International Centre of Insect Physiology and Ecology (ICIPE), PO Box 30772, Nairobi, Kenya:
*
*Email: mwambui@icipe.org
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Abstract

Root bark extracts of five Meliaceae species (Turraea abyssinica Hochst., Turraea wakefeldii Oliv., Turraea mombassana Hiern ex C.DC., Trichilia roka (Forsk) Chiov. and Melia volkensii Guerke.) and different fractions thereof (following chloroform extraction and column chromatographic separation) were compared for their immediate toxicity and long-term effects on Anopheles gambiae Giles sensu stricto (Diptera: Culicidae). Larvicidal effects of the extracts appeared to be largely associated with limonoids of medium polarity with M. volkensii and T. mombassana extracts being more potent than those of the other Meliaceae. Long-term (6–8 days post-exposure) observations at lower doses showed that 100% cumulative mortality can be achieved with some extracts (particularly those of T. mombassana and M. volkensii) with interesting growth-inhibition effects. Follow-up studies that are needed and practical implications of the results in terms of development of larval control strategies for African malaria vectors are discussed.

Keywords

Anopheles gambiaeTurraea abyssinicaTurraea wakefeldiiTurraea mombassanaTrichilia rokaMelia volkensiilimonoidslarvicidegrowth inhibition

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Type
Research Article
Information
International Journal of Tropical Insect Science , Volume 24 , Issue 4 , December 2004 , pp. 311 - 318
Copyright
Copyright © ICIPE 2004

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