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Economic Burden of Ventilator-Associated Pneumonia Based on Total Resource Utilization

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  02 January 2015

Marcos I. Restrepo ,
Antonio Anzueto ,
Alejandro C. Arroliga ,
Bekele Afessa ,
Mark J. Atkinson ,
Ngoc J. Ho ,
Regina Schinner ,
Ronald L. Bracken  and
Marin H. Kollef
Marcos I. Restrepo*
Affiliation:
Veterans Evidence-Based Research Dissemination Implementation Center, San Antonio South Texas Veterans Health Care System, Audie L. Murphy Division, San Antonio University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio
Antonio Anzueto
Affiliation:
South Texas Veterans Health Care System, Audie L. Murphy Division, San Antonio University Hospital, San Antonio University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio
Alejandro C. Arroliga
Affiliation:
Scott & White and the Texas A&M Health Science Center College of Medicine, Temple, Texas
Bekele Afessa
Affiliation:
Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, Minnesota, California
Mark J. Atkinson
Affiliation:
Health Services Research Center, University of California, San Diego, California
Ngoc J. Ho
Affiliation:
Department of Research and Evaluation, Kaiser Permanente, Pasadena, California
Regina Schinner
Affiliation:
FGK Clinical Research GmbH, Munich, Germany
Ronald L. Bracken
Affiliation:
C.R. Bard, Covington, Georgia
Marin H. Kollef
Affiliation:
Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri
*
Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, and Veterans Evidence-Based Research Dissemination Implementation Center at South Texas Veterans Health Care System, Audie L. Murphy Division, 7400 Merton Minter Boulevard (11C6), San Antonio, TX 78229-4404, (restrepom@uthscsa.edu)
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Abstract

Objectives.

To characterize the current economic burden of ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) and to determine which services increase the cost of VAP in North American hospitals.

Design and Setting.

We performed a retrospective, matched cohort analysis of mechanically ventilated patients enrolled in the North American Silver-Coated Endotracheal Tube (NASCENT) study, a prospective, randomized study conducted from 2002 to 2006 in 54 medical centers, including 45 teaching institutions (83.3%).

Methods.

Case patients with microbiologically confirmed VAP (n = 30) were identified from 542 study participants with claims data and were matched by use of a primary diagnostic code, and subsequently by the Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation II score, to control patients without VAP (n = 90). Costs were estimated by applying hospital-specific cost-to-charge ratios based on all-payer inpatient costs associated with VAP diagnosis-related groups.

Results.

Median total charges per patient were $198,200 for case patients and $96,540 for matched control patients (P <.001); corresponding median hospital costs were $76,730 for case patients and $41,250 for control patients (P = .001). After adjusting for diagnosis-related group payments, median losses to hospitals were $32,140 for case patients and $19,360 for control patients (P = .151). The median duration of intubation was longer for case patients than for control patients (10.1 days vs 4.7 days; P < .001), as were the median duration of intensive care unit stay (18.5 days vs 8.0 days; P < .001) and the median duration of hospitalization (26.5 days vs 14.0 days; P < .001). Examples of services likely to be directly related to VAP and having higher median costs for case patients were hospital care (P < .05) and respiratory therapy (P < .05).

Conclusions.

VAP was associated with increased hospital costs, longer duration of hospital stay, and a higher number of hospital services being affected, which underscores the need for bundled measures to prevent VAP.

Trial Registration.

NASCENT study ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT00148642.

Type
Original Articles
Information
Infection Control & Hospital Epidemiology , Volume 31 , Issue 5 , May 2010 , pp. 509 - 515
Copyright
Copyright © The Society for Healthcare Epidemiology of America 2010 

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