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Early Cretaceous vertebrates from the Xinlong Formation of Guangxi (southern China): a review

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  02 July 2015

JINYOU MO ,
ERIC BUFFETAUT ,
HAIYAN TONG ,
ROMAIN AMIOT ,
LIONEL CAVIN ,
GILLES CUNY ,
VARAVUDH SUTEETHORN ,
SURAVECH SUTEETHORN  and
SHAN JIANG
JINYOU MO
Affiliation:
Natural History Museum of Guangxi, Nanning 530012, China
ERIC BUFFETAUT*
Affiliation:
CNRS (UMR 8538), Laboratoire de Géologie de l'Ecole Normale Supérieure, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France
HAIYAN TONG
Affiliation:
Palaeontological Research and Education Centre, Mahasarakham University, Kantarawichai, Mahasarakham 44150, Thailand Institute of Vertebrate Paleontology and Paleoanthropology, 142 Xizhimenwai St, Beijing 100044, China
ROMAIN AMIOT
Affiliation:
LGLTPE, UMR ENS CNRS 5276, Université Claude Bernard Lyon, 1, Campus de la Doua Bâtiment Géode, 2, rue Raphaël Dubois F-69622 Villeurbanne Cedex, France
LIONEL CAVIN
Affiliation:
Département de Géologie et Paléontologie, Muséum d'Histoire Naturelle, CP6434, 1211 Genève 6, Switzerland
GILLES CUNY
Affiliation:
LGLTPE, UMR ENS CNRS 5276, Université Claude Bernard Lyon, 1, Campus de la Doua Bâtiment Géode, 2, rue Raphaël Dubois F-69622 Villeurbanne Cedex, France
VARAVUDH SUTEETHORN
Affiliation:
Palaeontological Research and Education Centre, Mahasarakham University, Kantarawichai, Mahasarakham 44150, Thailand
SURAVECH SUTEETHORN
Affiliation:
Palaeontological Research and Education Centre, Mahasarakham University, Kantarawichai, Mahasarakham 44150, Thailand
SHAN JIANG
Affiliation:
Natural History Museum of Guangxi, Nanning 530012, China
*
‡Author for correspondence: eric.buffetaut@sfr.fr
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Abstract

The vertebrate assemblage from the Early Cretaceous non-marine Xinlong Formation of the Napai Basin, in the south-western part of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region (southern China), is reviewed. The assemblage includes chondrichthyans (at least six species of hybodont sharks including Hybodus, Thaiodus, Heteroptychodus and Acrorhizodus), actinopterygians (Halecomorphi and Ginglymodi), turtles (the adocid Shachemys and the carettochelyid Kizylkumemys), crocodilians (cf. Theriosuchus) and dinosaurs (the sauropods Fusuisaurus and Liubangosaurus, carcharodontosaurid and spinosaurid theropods, iguanodontians and a possible psittacosaurid). This assemblage shows many similarities to those from non-marine formations of the Khorat Group of north-eastern Thailand. It seems to be particularly close to that from the Khok Kruat Formation, considered as Aptian in age, as shown especially by sharks and turtles and by the presence of iguanodontians. An Aptian age is therefore proposed for the Xinlong Formation. A study of the stable oxygen and carbon isotope compositions of reptile apatite suggests that this part of South China experienced subtropical arid conditions during the deposition of the Xinlong Formation. In its composition, the vertebrate fauna from the Xinlong Formation seems to be more similar to coeval faunas from SE Asia than to assemblages from northern China (including the Jehol Biota). Although this may partly reflect different depositional and taphonomic environments (fluvial for the Xinlong Formation versus lacustrine for the Jehol Biota) it seems likely that, during Early Cretaceous time, southern China and SE Asia were part of a distinct zoogeographical province, different from that corresponding to northern China. This may be the result of both climatic differences (with relatively cool climates in northern China versus a subtropical climate in the south) and geographical barriers such as mountain chains.

Keywords

Xinlong FormationEarly CretaceousVertebrataGuangxiChina

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Type
Original Articles
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Geological Magazine , Volume 153 , Issue 1 , January 2016 , pp. 143 - 159
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Copyright © Cambridge University Press 2015 

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