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Variation in growth, production and quality attributes ofPhysalis species under temperate ecosystem

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  28 January 2014

Desh Beer Singh ,
Nazeer Ahmed ,
Shiv Lal ,
Anis Mirza ,
Om Chand Sharma  and
Arshad Ahmed Pal
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Abstract

Introduction. Diverse fruit crops with a high value reduce the risk of cropfailure and offer alternatives to farmers and the market. The scope of profitableproduction with such quality crops along with environmental concerns make the evaluationof new species desirable. The aim of our study was to determine the most appropriatespecies of Physalis for small-scale commercial production in thetemperate climate of western Himalayan regions. Materials and methods. FourPhysalis species, viz., P. peruviana,P. ixocarpa, P. pruinosa and P. nicandroides, werefield-grown during 2010–2011 in the experimental field of the Central Institute ofTemperate Horticulture, Srinagar, India, to determine the most appropriate species ofPhysalis suitable for a temperate climate. Results anddiscussion. All the species tested produced vegetative growth, flowered andfruited; however, they differed significantly. The number of basal shoots was found to bemaximum for P. pruinosa (6.37), whereas the maximum number of pricklesper shoot was recorded as maximum for P. nicandroides (6.48). The numberof points of attachment varied significantly with species, and the maximum was recordedfor P. pruinosa and P. ixocarpa (7.16 for each); themaximum size of fully developed leaves (146.8 mm) and overall plant height (168.27 cm)were recorded for P. pruinosa. Physalis pruinosaand P. ixocarpa were found to exhibit vigorous growth under atemperate climate. Significant differences were recorded for fruiting, flowering and yieldpotential among the Physalis species. The minimum days taken for budburst were reported for P. nicandroides (23.55) andP. ixocarpa (24.41). Similarly, the minimum days taken to reachmaturity were reported for P. peruviana (64.96). The maximum number offruits per plant (260.23), length of fruit (33.83 mm), average fruit weight (37.19 g),husk weight (0.32 g), fruit husk ratio (121.27), maximum fruit firmness (43.96 RelativeIndex) and yield (9.96 Relative Index) were recorded for P. pruinosa.Significant variation was recorded in quality attributes. The highest total soluble solidswere found for P. nicandroides (8.46 °Brix), whereas the minimum totaltitrable acidity (0.35%) and maximum ascorbic content (38.41 mg·100 g–1) were recorded forP. peruviana. The ‘L’ value of fruits, showingbrightness, was recorded as the highest for P. peruviana (58.97), whereasfruits of all the species showed a negative ‘a’ value, indicating thatnone of them produced redness; however, the ‘b’ value, indicatingyellowness, was maximum for P. pruinosa (18.72).

Keywords

PhysalisIndiaHimalayan regionfruitsmorphologyfloweringfruitingqualitychoice of speciesPhysalisInderégion himalayennefruitsmorphologiefloraisonfructificationqualitéchoix des espècesPhysalisIndiaregión Himalayafrutasmorfologíafloraciónfructificacióncalidadelección de especies

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Type
Original article
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Fruits , Volume 69 , Issue 1 , January 2014 , pp. 31 - 40
Copyright
© 2014 Cirad/EDP Sciences

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