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Land ownership, tax farming and the social structure of local credit markets in the Ottoman Balkans, 1685–1855

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  09 May 2017

Irfan Kokdas
Irfan Kokdas*
Affiliation:
Izmir Kâtip Çelebi University
*
Irfan Kokdas, Department of History, Izmir Kâtip Çelebi University, Faculty of Humanities & Social Sciences, Izmir-35630, Turkey; email: irfan.kokdas@ikc.edu.tr.
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Abstract

This article studies how the emergence of new political elites and changes in land tenure relationships shaped the socio-economic profile of local credit markets in the Ottoman Balkans between the late seventeenth and early nineteenth centuries. By using probate inventories and court records for the cities of Salonika (including Karaferye), Vidin and Ruse, I compare how the expansion of tax-farming institutions and the concentration of land ownership influenced the social characteristics of lending activities. I find that, in spite of institutional and political similarities, the evolution of local credit markets did not follow a homogeneous pattern. Contrary to the consensus view in the existing literature, local political and military elites, which most tax farmers and large landowners belonged to, did not play a dominant role as moneylenders. Civilians (such as merchants and artisans) together with other social groups, including janissaries and religious functionaries, provided the bulk of informal credit to local communities (including elites) in the three urban areas.

Keywords

Ottoman EmpireBalkanscredit marketsmoneylending

JEL classification

N25: Asia including Middle East N15: Asia including Middle East N95: Asia including Middle East
Type
Articles
Information
Financial History Review , Volume 24 , Special Issue 1: Financial and Monetary History of South-East Europe , April 2017 , pp. 53 - 81
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Copyright
Copyright © European Association for Banking and Financial History e.V. 2017 

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Footnotes

This article is partially based on the findings of my PhD dissertation. I gratefully acknowledge the generous support of the State University of New York at Binghamton, Leibniz-Institut für Europäische Geschichte-Mainz and Forschungsbibliothek Erfurt/Gotha for my research project. I am also grateful to two anonymous referees and the guest editors of this special issue for their helpful comments and suggestions on previous drafts of this paper. The usual disclaimer applies.

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