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Psychosocial functioning of individuals at risk of developing compulsive buying disorder
Published online by Cambridge University Press: 26 August 2025
Abstract
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Introduction
Personality-related correlates are significant factors associated with compulsive buying. The Big Five personality traits can be a risk factor or a protective factor for addiction.
Objectives
This study aimed to establish the connection between depressiveness, workaholism, eating disorders, and personality traits, according to the five-point model called the Big Five, in women with a risk of compulsive buying disorder.
Methods
The study was conducted on 556 Polish women from the West Pomeranian Voivodeship. The study employed the diagnostic survey method using a questionnaire technique including Personality Inventory NEO-FFI, the Buying Behaviour Scale, the Beck Depression Inventory I-II, the Three-Factor Eating Questionnaire, and a self-questionnaire.
Results
The analysis revealed the risk of compulsive buying being accompanied by a higher median score for depressiveness, neuroticism, Cognitive Restraint of Eating, Uncontrolled Eating, and a risk of workaholism. A lower score in the respondents in the compulsive buying risk group was observed in an assessment of agreeableness and conscientiousness. Work addiction was exhibited by 26% of people with compulsive buying disorder vs. 12% of people without it.
Table 1. Descriptive statistics for selected scales with respect to the risk of the compulsive buying disorder.
| Selected Scales | Total (n = 556) | Norm (n = 483) Group 1 | Risk of Compulsive Buying (n = 73) Group 2 | p |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| BDI I-II Me (Q1–Q3) | 4.5 (1.0–10.0) | 4.0 (1.0–9.0) | 8.0 (1.0–15.0) | 0.021 |
| Neuroticism acc. to NEO-FFI, Me (Q1–Q3) | 21.0 (15.0–28.0) | 21.0 (15.0–28.0) | 24.0 (20.0–32.0) | 0.003 |
| Openness to experience acc. to NEO-FFI, Me (Q1–Q3) | 26.0 (23.0–31.0) | 26.0 (23.0 -31.0) | 26.0 (23.0–30.0) | 0.774 |
| Agreeableness acc. to NEO-FFI, Me (Q1–Q3) | 30.0 (27.0–34.0) | 31.0 (27.0 -34.0) | 27.0 (24.0–32.0) | <0.001 |
| Conscientiousness acc. to NEO-FFI, Me (Q1–Q3) | 34.0 (29.0–38.0) | 34 (30.0–39.0) | 30.0 (25.0–38.0) | 0.028 |
| Cognitive Restraint of Eating acc. to TFEQ-13, Me (Q1–Q3) | 6.0 (4.0–8.0) | 6.0 (4.0–8.0) | 7.0 (5.0 -9.0) | 0.004 |
| Uncontrolled Eating acc. to TFEQ-13, Me (Q1–Q3) | 5.5 (4.0–7.0) | 5.0 (4.0–7.0) | 7.0 (5.0 -8.0) | 0.019 |
| WART, Me (Q1–Q3) | 53.0 (45.0–62.0) | 51.0 (44.0–61.0) | 60.0 (51.0–66.0) | <0.001 |
| Addiction to work acc. to WART, n (%) | 79 | 60 (12.42%) | 19 (26.03%) | <0.001 |
BDI I-II—Beck Depression Inventory, NEO-FFI—Personality Inventory NEO-FFI, TFEQ-13—Three-Factor Eating Questionnaire, WART—Work Addiction Risk Test, Me—median, Q1—quartile first, Q3—quartile third, n—number of patients, p—statistic
Conclusions
This study found that a high risk of compulsive buying disorder is accompanied by a high risk of moderate depressiveness, neuroticism, Cognitive Restraint of Eating, Uncontrolled Eating, and workaholism. It also confirmed the view that compulsive buying is a behavioural addiction which is a consequence of ineffective coping and being dissatisfied with one’s social life.
Disclosure of Interest
None Declared
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- European Psychiatry , Volume 68 , Special Issue S1: Abstracts of the 33rd European Congress of Psychiatry , April 2025 , pp. S474 - S475
- Creative Commons
This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution licence (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted re-use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.- Copyright
- © The Author(s), 2025. Published by Cambridge University Press on behalf of European Psychiatric Association
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