Hostname: page-component-5cf477f64f-fcbfl Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2025-04-05T02:26:51.273Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

The immune response to infection with vaccinia virus in mice: I. Infection and the production of antibody neutralizing cell-associated and cell-free virus

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  15 May 2009

Lindsey M. Hutt
Lindsey M. Hutt
Affiliation:
Department of Virology, The Lister Institute of Preventive Medicine, Chelsea Bridge Road, London SW1W 8RH
Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Summary

Core share and HTML view are not available for this content. However, as you have access to this content, a full PDF is available via the ‘Save PDF’ action button.

The onset, duration and magnitude of antibody responses to a poxvirus infection were examined. Mice were inoculated intravenously with the WR strain of vaccinia virus and developed pocks on their tails. The number of pocks was related to the size of the inoculum. Virus was detectable in the spleen and infected mice were subsequently immune to intravenous and intra-nasal challenge. Sera of infected animals neutralized both cell-free and cell-associated virus. Antibody against cell-free virus appeared first; maximum titres were reached sooner but were lower than those of antibody neutralizing cell-associated virus. Titres remained high for at least 100 days after infection.

Type
Research Article
Information
Journal of Hygiene , Volume 74 , Issue 3 , June 1975 , pp. 301 - 314
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 1975

References

REFERENCES

Allen, E. G. & Mudd, S. (1973). Protection of mice against vaccinia virus by bacterial infection and sustained stimulation with specific bacterial antigens. Infection and Immunity 7, 62.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Appleyard, G., Hapel, A. J. & Boulter, E. A. (1971). An antigenic difference between intracellular and extracellular rabbit pox virus. Journal of General Virology 13, 9.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Baron, S. & Buckler, C. E. (1963). Circulating interferon in mice after intravenous injection of virus. Science, New York 141, 1061.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Blanden, R. V. (1970). Mechanisms of recovery from a generalized infection: mousepox. I. The effects of anti-thymocyte serum. Journal of Experimental Medicine 132, 1035.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Blanden, R. V. (1971 a). Mechanisms of recovery from a generalized infection: mousepox. II. Passive transfer of recovery mechanisms with immune lymphoid cells. Journal of Experimental Medicine 133, 1074.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Blanden, R. V. (1971 b). Mechanisms of recovery from a generalized infection: mousepox. III. Regression of infectious foci. Journal of Experimental Medicine 133, 1090.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bloom, B. R. (1971). In vitro approaches to the mechanism of cell-mediated immune reactions. Advances in Immunology 13, 101.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Boulter, E. A. (1969). Protection against poxviruses. Proceedings of the Royal Society of Medicine 62, 295.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Boulter, E. A., Zwartouw, H. T., Titmuss, D. H. J. & Maber, H. B. (1971). The nature of the immune state produced by inactivated vaccinia virus in rabbits. American Journal of Epidemiology 94, 612.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Boyle, J. J., Haff, R. F. & Stewart, R. C. (1966). Evaluation of antiviral compounds by suppression of tail lesions in vaccinia-infected mice. Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy p. 536.Google ScholarPubMed
Brier, A. M., Wohlenberg, C., Rosenthal, J., Mage, M. & Notkins, A. L. (1971). Inhibition or enhancement of immunological injury of virus infected cells. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, U.S.A. 68, 3073.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
De Clercq, E. & De Somer, P. (1968). Effect of interferon, polyacrylic acid and polymethacrylic acid on tail lesions in mice infected with vaccinia virus. Applied Microbiology 16, 1314.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Downie, A. W. (1939). A study of the lesions produced experimentally by cowpox virus. Journal of Pathology and Bacteriology 48, 361.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Fenner, F. (1948). The clinical features and pathogenesis of mousepox (infectious ectromelia of mice). Journal of Pathology and Bacteriology 60, 529.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Fulginiti, V. A. (1970). Cited by L. A. Glasgow, Cellular immunity in host resistance to viral infections. Archives of Internal Medicine 126, 125.Google Scholar
Fulginiti, V. A., Kempe, C. H., Hathaway, W. E., Pearlman, D. S., Sieber, O. F., Eller, J. J., Joyner, J. J. & Robinson, A. (1968). Progressive vaccinia in immunologically deficient individuals. Birth Defects 4, 129.Google Scholar
Fulginiti, V. A., Pearlman, D. S., Reignam, C. W., Claman, H. N., Hathaway, W. E., Blackburn, W. R., Githens, J. H. & Kempe, C. H. (1966). Dissociation of delayed-hypersensitivity and antibody-synthesising capacities in man. Lancet ii, 5.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hayashi, K., Rosenthal, J. & Notkins, A. L. (1972). Iodine-125-labelled antibody to viral antigens: binding to the surface of virus infected cells. Science, New York 176, 516.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hellström, K. E. & Hellström, I. (1969). Cellular immunity against tumor antigens. Advances in Cancer Research 12, 167.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Hirsch, M. S., Nahmias, A. J., Murphy, F. A. & Karmer, J. H. (1968). Cellular immunity in vaccinia infection of mice. Anti-thymocyte serum effects on primary and secondary responsiveness. Journal of Experimental Medicine 128, 121.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Hutt, L. M. (1975). The immune response to infection with vaccinia virus in mice. II. Appearance of hypersensitivity, production of macrophage migration inhibitory factor and transformation of spleen cells in response to virus antigens. Journal of Hygiene 74, 315.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Ichihashi, Y., Matsumoto, S. & Dales, S. (1971). Biogenesis of poxviruses: interrelationship between hemagglutinin production and polykaryocytosis. Virology 46, 533.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Kempe, C. H. (1960). Studies on smallpox and complications of smallpox vaccination. Pediatrics, Springfield 26, 176.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Kempe, C. H., Bowles, C., Meiklejohn, G., Berge, T. O., St. Vincent, L., Sundara Babu, B. V., Govindarajan, S., Ratnakannan, N. R., Downie, A. W. & Murthy, V. R. (1969). The use of vaccinia hyperimmune gamma-globulin in the prophylaxis of smallpox. Bulletin of the World Health Organization 25, 41.Google Scholar
Majer, M. & Link, F. (1970). Studies on the non-neutralizable fraction of vaccinia virus. Clinical and Experimental Immunology 7, 283.Google ScholarPubMed
Medical Research Council Working-Party. Summary report of (1969). Hypogamma-globulinaemia in the United Kingdom. Lancet i, 163.Google Scholar
Mims, C. A. (1964). Aspects of the pathogenesis of virus diseases. Bacteriological Reviews 28, 30.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Mims, C. A. (1968). The response of mice to the intravenous injection of cowpox virus. British Journal of Experimental Pathology 49, 24.Google Scholar
Pierce, E. R., Melville, F. S., Downie, A. W. & Duckworth, M. J. (1958). Antivaccinial gamma-globulin in smallpox prophylaxis. Lancet ii, 635.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Pincus, W. B., Flick, J. A. & Ingalls, T. H. (1963). The response of inbred rabbits to vaccinia virus infection. Journal of Immunology 91, 58.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Reed, L. J. & Muench, H. (1938). A simple method of estimating fifty per cent endpoints. American Journal of Hygiene 27, 493.Google Scholar
Speel, L. F., Osborn, J. E. & Walker, J. L. (1968). An immuno-cytopathogenic interaction between sensitized leukocytes and epithelial cells carrying a persistent noncytocidal myxovirus infection. Journal of Immunology 101, 409.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Torrigiani, G. (1971). Cited by I. M. Roitt in Essential Immunology, p. 54. Oxford, London, Edinburgh: Blackwell Scientific Publications.Google Scholar
Turner, G. S. & Squires, E. J. (1971). Inactivated smallpox vaccine: immunogenicity of inactivated intracellular and extracellular vaccinia virus. Journal of General Virology 13, 19.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Worthington, M. (1973 a). Mechanism of recovery from systemic infection with vaccinia virus. II. Effects of X irradiation and neonatal thymectomy. Journal of Infectious Diseases 127, 512.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Worthington, M. (1973 b). Mechanism of recovery from systemic infection with vaccinia virus. III. Effects of antithymocyte serum. Journal of Infectious Diseases 127, 518.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Worthington, M., Rabson, A. S. & Baron, S. (1972). Mechanism of recovery from systemic vaccinia virus infection. I. The effects of cyclophosphamide. Journal of Experimental Medicine 136, 277.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed