Hostname: page-component-745bb68f8f-kw2vx Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2025-01-11T00:19:35.612Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Liberation linguistics and the Quirk Concern

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  17 October 2008

Braj B. Kachru
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

A reply to ‘Language varieties and standard language’ by Sir Randolph Quirk in ET21 (Jan 90)

Type
Research Article
Information
English Today , Volume 7 , Issue 1 , January 1991 , pp. 3 - 13
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 1991

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Abercrombie, David. 1951. ‘R.P. and Local Accent.’ The Listener, 6 Sep 1952. [Reprinted in D. Abercrombie, Studies in Phonetics and Linguistics, London: Oxford University Press.]Google Scholar
Bernstein, Basil. 1964. ‘Elaborated and Restricted Codes: Their Social Origins and Some Consequences.’ American Anthropologist 66: 55–69.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Coppieters, R. 1987. ‘Competence Differences Between Native and Near-Native Speakers.’ Language, 63. 544–573.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Coulmas, Florian. ed. 1988. With Forked Tongues: What are National Languages Good For? Ann Arbor, MI: Karoma.Google Scholar
Crystal, David. 1985. Comment. In Quirk, and Widdowson, ed. 1985.Google Scholar
Hashmi, A. 1989. ‘Prolegomena to the Study of Pakistani English and Pakistani Literature in English.’ Paper presented at the International Conference on English in South Asia,Islamabad,January 4–9, 1989.Google Scholar
Hock, Hans Henrich. 1986. Principles of Historical Linguistics. The Hague: Mouton de Guyter.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kachru, Braj B. 1983. The Indianization of English: the English Language in India. Delhi: Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
Kachru, Braj B. 1985. ‘Standards, Codification and Sociolinguistic Realism: The English Language in the Outer Circle.’ In English in the World. Edited by Quirk, Randolph and Widdowson, H.G.. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Kachru, Braj B. 1986a. ‘The Bilingual Creativity: Discoursal and Stylistic Strategies in Contact Literatures in English.’ In Discourse Across Cultures: Strategies in World Englishes. Edited by Smith, Larry E.. London: Prentice-Hall.Google Scholar
Kachru, Braj B. 1986b. The Alchemy of English: the Spread, Functions and Models of Non-native Englishes. Oxford: Pergamon Press.Google Scholar
Kachru, Braj B. 1987. ‘The Past and Prejudice: Toward de-Mythologizing the English Canon.’ Linguistic Topics: Paper in Honor of M.A.K. Halliday, edited by Steel, R. and Threadgold, T.. Amsterdam and Philadelphia. J. Benjamin.Google Scholar
Kachru, Braj B. 1988. ‘The Spread of English and Sacred Linguistic Cows.’ In Lowenberg, ed. 1988.Google Scholar
Kachru, Braj B. 1989. ‘Indian English.’ Seminar. 07 1989.Google Scholar
Kachru, Braj B. ed. 1982. The Other Tongue: English Across Cultures. Urbana, IL: University of Illinois Press.Google Scholar
Kachru, Yamuna. 1989. ‘Modernization of Indian Languages: English in Unplanned Corpus Planning.’ Paper presented at the 1989 Mid-America Linguistics Conference,University of North Iowa,October 6–7, 1989.Google Scholar
Kennedy, Graeme. 1985. Comment. In Quirk, and Widdowson, eds. 1985.Google Scholar
Labov, William 1972. Language in the Inner City: Studies in the Black English Vernacular. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press.Google Scholar
Lal, P. 1965. Modern Indian Poetry in English: an Anthology and a Credo. Calcutta: Writers Workshop.Google Scholar
Lehiste, Ille. 1988. Lectures on Language Contact. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.Google Scholar
Lowenberg, Peter, ed. 1988. Language Spread and Language Policy: Issues Implications and Case Studies. (GURT 1987) Washington DC: Georgetown University Press.Google Scholar
Lowenberg, Peter and Sridhar, S. N. eds. 1985. World Englishes and Second Language Acquisition Research. Special Issue of World Englishes. 5.1.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Narashimhaiah, C. D. nd. ‘Indian Writing in English: A Reply to Dom Moraes.’ In Indian Literature in English: Contemporary assessments, edited by Narashimhaiah, C. N. and Srinath, C. N.Bangalore: Wiley Eastern (P) Ltd. (A Dhvanyaloka Publication)Google Scholar
Ngugi wa, Thiongo. 1981. Decolonizing the Mind: The Politics of Language in African Literature. London: James Currey. 1981.Google Scholar
Paikeday, T.M. 1985. The Native Speaker is Dead! Toronto: Paikeday Publishing.Google Scholar
Pakir, Ann. 1988. ‘Education and Invisible Language Planning: the Case of English in Singapore.’ Paper Presented at the 1988 Regional seminar on Language Planning in Multilingual Settings: The Role of English.National University of Singapore,Singapore,6–8 September 1988.Google Scholar
Pattanayak, D.P. 1985. ‘Diversity in Communication and Languages; Predicament of a Multilingual State: India, a Case Study.’ In Language of Inequality edited by Wolofson, N. and Manes, J.. The Hague: Mouton.Google Scholar
Phillipson, Robert and Skutnabb-Kangas, Tove. 1986. Linguicism Rules in Education. Part 1. Denmark: Roskilde University Centre, Institute VI.Google Scholar
Prator, Clifford. 1989. ‘The British Heresy in TESL.’ In Fishman, J. A., Ferguson, C.A., and Gupta, J. D. eds. Language Problems in Developing Nations. New York: John Wiley.Google Scholar
Quirk, Randolph. 1985. ‘The English Language in a Global Context.’ In R., Quirk and H.G., Widdowson eds. 1985. pp. 1–6.Google Scholar
Quirk, Randolph 1988. ‘The Question of Standards in the International Use of English.’ In Peter, Lowenberg ed. 1988. pp. 229–241.Google Scholar
Quirk, Randolph 1989/1990. ‘Language Varieties and Standard Language.’ JALT Journal 11.1., pp. 14–25; English Today 21, 01 90.Google Scholar
Quirk, Randolph and Widdowson, Henry eds. 1985. English in the World: Teaching and Learning of Language and Literature. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Quirk, Randolph, Greenbaum, S., Leech, G. and Svartvik, J.. 1972. A Grammar of Contemporary English. London: Longman.Google Scholar
Quirk, Randolph, Greenbaum, S., Leech, G. and Svartvik, J.. 1985. A Comprehensive Grammar of the English Language. London: Longman.Google Scholar
Selinker, Larry. 1972. ‘Interlanguage.’ International Review of Applied Linguistics, 10. pp. 209–231.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Sridhar, K. K. and Sridhar, S. N. 1986. ‘Bridging the Paradigm Gap: Second Language Acquisition Theory and Indigenized Varieties of English.’ World Englishes. 5. 1. 3–14.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Sridhar, S.N. 1988. ‘Language Variation, Attitudes, and Rivalry: The Spread of Hindi in India.’ In Lowenberg, ed. 1988.Google Scholar
Tromel-Plotz, Senta. 1981. ‘Languages of Oppression.’ Review Article. Journal of Pragmatics. 5. 67–80.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Wijesinha, R.. ed. 1988. An Anthology of Contemporary Sri Lankan Poetry in English. Colombo: The British Council, Sri Lanka.Google Scholar
Williams, F.. 1970. Language and Poverty. Chicago: Markham.Google Scholar