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Buried points of plane continua

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  08 January 2025

David Lipham*
Affiliation:
Department of Mathematics and Data Science, College of Coastal Georgia, Brunswick, GA, 31520, United States of America
Jan van Mill
Affiliation:
KdV Institute for Mathematics, University of Amsterdam, Science Park 105-107, 1090 GE Amsterdam, The Netherlands e-mail: j.vanmill@uva.nl
Murat Tuncali
Affiliation:
Department of Computer Science and Mathematics, Nipissing University, 100 College Drive, North Bay, ON, P1B 8L7, Canada e-mail: muratt@nipissingu.ca
Ed Tymchatyn
Affiliation:
Department of Mathematics and Statistics, University of Saskatchewan, 106 Wiggins Road, Saskatoon, SK, S7N 5E6, Canada e-mail: tymchat@math.usask.ca kirstenvalkenburg@gmail.com
Kirsten Valkenburg
Affiliation:
Department of Mathematics and Statistics, University of Saskatchewan, 106 Wiggins Road, Saskatoon, SK, S7N 5E6, Canada e-mail: tymchat@math.usask.ca kirstenvalkenburg@gmail.com
*

Abstract

Sets on the boundary of a complementary component of a continuum in the plane have been of interest since the early 1920s. Curry and Mayer defined the buried points of a plane continuum to be the points in the continuum which were not on the boundary of any complementary component. Motivated by their investigations of Julia sets, they asked what happens if the set of buried points of a plane continuum is totally disconnected and nonempty. Curry, Mayer, and Tymchatyn showed that in that case the continuum is Suslinian, i.e., it does not contain an uncountable collection of nondegenerate pairwise disjoint subcontinua. In an answer to a question of Curry et al., van Mill and Tuncali constructed a plane continuum whose buried point set was totally disconnected, nonempty, and one-dimensional at each point of a countably infinite set. In this paper, we show that the van Mill–Tuncali example was the best possible in the sense that whenever the buried set is totally disconnected, it is one-dimensional at each of at most countably many points. As a corollary, we find that the buried set cannot be almost zero-dimensional unless it is zero-dimensional. We also construct locally connected van Mill–Tuncali type examples.

Type
Article
Copyright
© The Author(s), 2025. Published by Cambridge University Press on behalf of Canadian Mathematical Society

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