Hostname: page-component-745bb68f8f-d8cs5 Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2025-02-11T03:00:30.987Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

PARASITISM IN SUSTAINED AND COLLAPSING POPULATIONS OF THE JACK PINE BUDWORM, CHORISTONEURA PINUS PINUS FREE. (LEPIDOPTERA: TORTRICIDAE), IN ONTARIO, 1985–1987

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  31 May 2012

V.G. Nealis
V.G. Nealis
Affiliation:
Forestry Canada, Ontario Region, PO Box 490, Sault Ste. Marie, Ontario, Canada P6A 5M7
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

Sixteen species of parasitoids were found attacking outbreak and collapsing populations of the jack pine budworm, Choristoneura pinus pinus Free. (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae), in several plots in northeastern and northwestern Ontario. The patterns of parasitism were similar among widely separated plots with only a few species consistently dominating the parasitoid fauna. The greatest difference in the pattern of parasitism was between sustained and collapsing infestations. Collapsing populations of jack pine bud-worm were associated with relatively high levels of parasitism by Meteorus trachynotus Vier. (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) and Lypha setifacies (West.) (Diptera: Tachinidae) which attacked the late larval stages of the budworm. The results are discussed in comparison with other jack pine budworm studies and with spruce budworm population studies.

Résumé

Seize espèces de parasitoïdes ont été trouvées chez des populations épidémiques et des populations en déclin de la Tordeuse du pin gris Choristoneura pinus pinus Free. (Lepidoptera : Tortricidae) en plusieurs grilles-échantillons du nord-est et du nord-ouest de l’Ontario. Le parasitisme suivait partout les mêmes patterns, même dans les grilles-échantillons éloignées les unes des autres, et la faune des parasitoïdes était toujours dominée par quelques espèces. Les plus grandes différences ont été trouvées entre les infestations en progrès et les infestations en déclin. Les populations en déclin des tordeuses étaient associées à de fortes concentrations de Meteorus trachynotus Vier. (Hymenoptera : Braconidae) et de Lypha setifacies (West.) (Diptera : Tachinidae) qui attaquent les stades larvaires avancés des tordeuses. Les résultats sont comparés à ceux obtenus au cours d’études sur d’autres populations de la Tordeuse du pin gris et sur des populations de Tordeuses des bourgeons de l’épinette.

[Traduit par la rédaction]

Type
Articles
Information
The Canadian Entomologist , Volume 123 , Issue 5 , October 1991 , pp. 1065 - 1075
Copyright
Copyright © Entomological Society of Canada 1991

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Allen, D.C., Knight, F.B., Foltz, J.L., and Mattson, W.J.. 1969. Influence of parasites on two populations of Choristoneura pinus (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae) in Michigan. Ann. ent. Soc. Am. 62: 1469–1475.Google Scholar
Benjamin, D.M. 1956. Jack-pine budworm surveys. Coop. econ. Insect Rep. 6: 705–709.Google Scholar
Benjamin, D.M., and Drooz, A.T.. 1954. Parasites affecting the jack-pine budworm in Michigan. J. econ. Ent. 47: 588–591.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Blais, J.R. 1960. Spruce budworm parasite investigations in the lower St. Lawrence and Gaspé regions of Quebec. Can. Ent. 92: 384–396.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Brandt, N.R., and Melvin, J.C.E.. 1970. Parasites of the jack-pine budworm, Choristoneura pinus pinus Free., in Manitoba, Saskatchewan and northwestern Ontario. Government of Canada, Canada Forestry Service, Inf. Rep. MS-X-29. 8 pp.Google Scholar
Campbell, I.M. 1953. Morphological differences between the pupae and the egg clusters of Choristoneura fumiferana (Clem.) and C. pinus Free. (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae). Can. Ent. 85: 134–135.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Clancy, K.M., Giese, R.L., and Benjamin, D.M.. 1980. Predicting jack-pine budworm infestations in northwestern Wisconsin. Environ. Ent. 9: 743–751.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Dixon, J.C., and Benjamin, D.M.. 1963. Natural control factors associated with the jack-pine budworm, Choristoneura pinus. J. econ. Ent. 56: 266–270.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Drooz, A.T., and Benjamin, D.M.. 1956. Parasites from two jack-pine budworm outbreaks on the upper peninsula of Michigan. J. econ. Ent. 49: 412–413.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Foltz, J.L., Knight, F.B., Allen, D.C., and Mattson, W.J. Jr, 1968. A technique for sampling populations of the jack-pine budworm. For. Sci. 14: 277–281.Google Scholar
Freeman, T.N. 1953. The spruce budworm, Choristoneura fumiferana (Clem.) and an allied new species on pine (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae). Can. Ent. 85: 121–127.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Graham, S.A. 1935. The spruce budworm on Michigan pine. University of Michigan, School of Forestry and Conservation Bulletin No. 6. 56 pp.Google Scholar
Howse, G.M., and Applejohn, M.J.. 1985. Survey Bulletin. Government of Canada, Canadian Forestry Service, Sault Ste. Marie, Ont. Fall Issue. 10 pp.Google Scholar
Jones, C.G., and Czerwinski, E.J.. 1989. Results of forest insect and disease surveys in the northwestern region of Ontario, 1988. Canadian Forestry Service, Sault Ste. Marie, Ont., Misc. Rep. 87. 49 pp.Google Scholar
Kulman, H.M., and Hodson, A.C.. 1961. Parasites of the jack-pine budworm, Choristoneura pinus, with special reference to parasitism at particular stand locations. J. econ. Ent. 54: 221–224.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kulman, H.M., and Hodson, A.C.. 1962. A sampling unit for the jack-pine budworm, Choristoneura pinus. J. econ. Ent. 55: 801–802.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kulman, H.M., Hodson, A.C., and Duncan, D.P.. 1963. Distribution and effects of jack-pine budworm defoliation. For. Sci. 9: 146–157.Google Scholar
Lejeune, R.R., and Black, W.F.. 1950. Populations of larvae of the jack-pine budworm. For. Chron. 26: 1–5.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
MacKay, M.R. 1953. The larvae of Choristoneura fumiferana (Clem.) and C. pinus Free. (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae). Can. Ent. 85: 128–133.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
McGugan, B.M., and Blais, J.R.. 1959. Spruce budworm parasite studies in northwestern Ontario. Can. Ent. 91: 758–783.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
McMorran, A. 1965. A synthetic diet for the spruce budworm, Choristoneura fumiferana (Clem.) (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae). Can. Ent. 97: 58–62.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Miller, C.A. 1958. The measurement of spruce budworm populations and mortality during the first and second larval instar. Can. J. Zool. 36: 409–422.Google Scholar
Miller, C.A. 1963 a. The spruce budworm. pp. 12–19 in Morris, R.F. (Ed.), The Dynamics of Epidemic Spruce Budworm Populations. Mem. ent. Soc. Can. 31.Google Scholar
Miller, C.A. 1963 b. Parasites and the spruce budworm. pp. 228–244 in Morris, R.F. (Ed.), The Dynamics of Epidemic Spruce Budworm Populations. Mem. ent. Soc. Can. 31.Google Scholar
Miller, C.A., Kettela, E.G., and McDougall, G.A.. 1971. A sampling technique for overwintering spruce budworm and its applicability to population surveys. Department of Fisheries and Forestry, Fredericton, N.B., Inf. Rep. M-X-25. 11 pp.Google Scholar
Morris, R.F. 1955. The development of sampling techniques for forest insect defoliators, with particular reference to the spruce budworm. Can. J. Zool. 33: 225–294.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Nealis, V.G. 1987. The number of instars in jack pine budworm, Choristoneura pinus pinus Free. (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae), and the effect of parasitism on head capsule width and development time. Can. Ent. 119: 773–777.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Nealis, V.G. 1990. Jack pine budworm populations and staminate flowers. Can. J. For. Res. 20: 1253–1255.Google Scholar
Nealis, V.G., and Lysyk, T.J.. 1988. Sampling overwintering jack pine budworm, Choristoneura pinus pinus Free. (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae), and two of its parasitoids (Hymenoptera). Can. Ent. 120: 1101–1111.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Royama, T. 1984. Population dynamics of the spruce budworm Choristoneura fumiferana. Ecol. Monogr. 54: 429–462.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Sanders, C.J. 1971. Daily activity patterns and sex pheromone specificity as sexual isolating mechanisms in two species of Choristoneura (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae). Can. Ent. 103: 498–502.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Van Driesche, R. 1983. Meaning of “percent parasitism” in studies of insect parasitoids. Environ. Ent. 12: 1611–1622.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Volney, W.J.A. 1988. Analysis of historic jack pine budworm outbreaks in the Prairie provinces of Canada. Can. J. For. Res. 18: 1152–1158.CrossRefGoogle Scholar