Hostname: page-component-745bb68f8f-g4j75 Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2025-02-11T12:08:39.311Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Wingnut (Juglandaceae) as a new generic host for Pityophthorus juglandis (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) and the thousand cankers disease pathogen, Geosmithia morbida (Ascomycota: Hypocreales)

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  08 July 2015

Stacy M. Hishinuma ,
Paul L. Dallara ,
Mohammad A. Yaghmour ,
Marcelo M. Zerillo ,
Corwin M. Parker ,
Tatiana V. Roubtsova ,
Tivonne L. Nguyen ,
Ned A. Tisserat ,
Richard M. Bostock  and
Mary L. Flint
...Show all authors
Stacy M. Hishinuma
Affiliation:
Department of Entomology and Nematology, University of California, One Shields Avenue, Davis, California 95616, United States of America
Paul L. Dallara
Affiliation:
Department of Entomology and Nematology, University of California, One Shields Avenue, Davis, California 95616, United States of America
Mohammad A. Yaghmour
Affiliation:
Department of Plant Pathology, University of California, One Shields Avenue, Davis, California 95616, United States of America
Marcelo M. Zerillo
Affiliation:
Department of Bioagricultural Sciences and Pest Management, Plant Sciences 1177, Colorado State University Fort Collins, Colorado 80523, United States of America
Corwin M. Parker
Affiliation:
Department of Entomology and Nematology, University of California, One Shields Avenue, Davis, California 95616, United States of America
Tatiana V. Roubtsova
Affiliation:
Department of Plant Pathology, University of California, One Shields Avenue, Davis, California 95616, United States of America
Tivonne L. Nguyen
Affiliation:
Department of Plant Pathology, University of California, One Shields Avenue, Davis, California 95616, United States of America
Ned A. Tisserat
Affiliation:
Department of Bioagricultural Sciences and Pest Management, Plant Sciences 1177, Colorado State University Fort Collins, Colorado 80523, United States of America
Richard M. Bostock
Affiliation:
Department of Plant Pathology, University of California, One Shields Avenue, Davis, California 95616, United States of America
Mary L. Flint
Affiliation:
Department of Entomology and Nematology, University of California, One Shields Avenue, Davis, California 95616, United States of America
Steven J. Seybold*
Affiliation:
United States Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Pacific Southwest Research Station, Davis, California 95616, United States of America
*
1 Corresponding author (e-mail: sjseybold@gmail.com).
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

The walnut twig beetle (WTB), Pityophthorus juglandis Blackman (Coleoptera: Curculionidae), vectors a fungus, Geosmithia morbida Kolařík, Freeland, Utley, and Tisserat (Ascomycota: Hypocreales), which colonises and kills the phloem of walnut and butternut trees, Juglans Linnaeus (Juglandaceae). Over the past two decades, this condition, known as thousand cankers disease (TCD), has led to the widespread mortality of Juglans species in the United States of America. Recently the beetle and pathogen were discovered on several Juglans species in northern Italy. Little is known about the extra-generic extent of host acceptability and suitability for the WTB. We report the occurrence of both the WTB and G. morbida in three species of wingnut, Pterocarya fraxinifolia Spach, Pterocarya rhoifolia Siebold and Zuccarini, and Pterocarya stenoptera de Candolle (Juglandaceae) growing in the United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service, National Clonal Germplasm Repository collection in northern California (NCGR) and in the Los Angeles County Arboretum and Botanic Garden in southern California, United States of America. In two instances (once in P. stenoptera and once in P. fraxinifolia) teneral (i.e., brood) adult WTB emerged and were collected more than four months after infested branch sections had been collected in the field. Koch’s postulates were satisfied with an isolate of G. morbida from P. stenoptera, confirming this fungus as the causal agent of TCD in this host. A survey of the 37 Pterocarya Kunth accessions at the NCGR revealed that 46% of the trees had WTB attacks and/or symptoms of G. morbida infection. The occurrence of other subcortical Coleoptera associated with Pterocarya and the first occurrence of the polyphagous shot hole borer, a species near Euwallacea fornicatus Eichhoff (Coleoptera: Curculionidae), in Juglans are also documented.

Type
Biodiversity & Evolution
Information
The Canadian Entomologist , Volume 148 , Issue 1 , February 2016 , pp. 83 - 91
Copyright
© Entomological Society of Canada 2015. Parts of this are a work of the U.S. Government and therefore such parts are not subject to copyright protection in the United States. 

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

Footnotes

Subject editor: Deepa Pureswaran

References

Anșįn, R. 1987. One of our major relic species distributed in South-East Anatolia: Pterocarya fraxinifolia (Lam.) Spach.: wingnut. Environment and Forestry, 3: 21–23. [in Turkish].Google Scholar
Anulewicz, A.C., McCullough, D.G., Cappaert, D.L., and Poland, T.M. 2008. Host range of the emerald ash borer (Agrilus planipennis Fairmaire) (Coleoptera: Buprestidae) in North America: results of multiple-choice field experiments. Environmental Entomology, 37: 230–241.Google Scholar
Aradhya, M., Potter, D., Gao, F., and Simon, C.J. 2007. Molecular phylogeny of Juglans (Juglandaceae): a biogeographic perspective. Tree Genetics & Genomes, 3: 363–378.Google Scholar
Blackman, M.W. 1928. The genus Pityophthorus Eichh. in North America: a revisional study of the Pityophthorini, with descriptions of two new genera and seventy-one new species. Bulletin of the New York State College of Forestry, 1: 1–183.Google Scholar
Bright, D.E. 1981. Taxonomic monograph of the genus Pityophthorus Eichhoff in North and Central America. Memoirs of the Entomological Society of Canada, 118: 1–378.Google Scholar
Bright, D.E. 2014. A catalog of Scolytidae and Platypodidae (Coleoptera), Supplement 3 (2000–2010), with notes on subfamily and tribal reclassifications. Insecta Mundi, 356: 1–336.Google Scholar
Browne, G.T., Grant, J.A., Schmidt, L.S., Leslie, C.A., and McGranahan, G.H. 2011. Resistance to Phytophthora and graft compatibility with Persian walnut among selections of Chinese wingnut. HortScience, 46: 371–376.Google Scholar
Browne, L.E. 1972. An emergence cage and refrigerated collector for wood-boring insects and their associates. Journal of Economic Entomology, 65: 1499–1501.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Eskalen, A., Stouthamer, R., Lynch, S.C., Rugman-Jones, P.F., Twizeyimana, M., Gonzalez, A., et al. 2013. Host range of Fusarium dieback and its ambrosia beetle (Coleoptera: Scolytinae) vector in Southern California. Plant Disease, 97: 938–951.Google Scholar
Furniss, R.L. and Carolin, V.M. 1977. Western forest insects. United States Department of Agriculture, Forest Service Miscellaneous Publication, 1339: 1–654.Google Scholar
Gilman, E.F. and Watson, D.G. 1994. Pterocarya stenoptera Chinese Wingnut. United States Department of Agriculture, Forest Service Fact Sheet ST-533. Available from http://hort.ufl.edu/database/documents/pdf/tree_fact_sheets/ptestea.pdf [accessed 25 August 2014].Google Scholar
Indiana Department of Natural Resources. 2015. Walnut twig beetle detected in Indiana. Available from http://www.in.gov/activecalendar_dnr/EventList.aspx?view=EventDetails&eventidn=7823&information_id=15952&type=&syndicate=syndicate [accessed 26 April 2015].Google Scholar
Kolařík, M., Freeland, E., Utley, C., and Tisserat, N. 2011. Geosmithia morbida sp. nov., a new phytopathogenic species living in symbiosis with the walnut twig beetle (Pityophthorus juglandis) on Juglans in USA. Mycologia, 103: 325–332.Google Scholar
Kuang, K. and Lu, A. 1979. Juglandaceae. Flora Republicae Popularis Sinicae, 21: 6–44. Available from http://www.efloras.org/volume_page.aspx?volume_id=2004&flora_id=2 [accessed 25 August 2014].Google Scholar
Manos, P.S. and Stone, D.E. 2001. Evolution, phylogeny, and systematics of the Juglandaceae. Annals of the Missouri Botanical Garden, 88: 231–269.Google Scholar
Montecchio, L. and Faccoli, M. 2014. First record of thousand cankers disease Geosmithia morbida and walnut twig beetle Pityophthorus juglandis on Juglans nigra in Europe. Plant Disease, 98: 696. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/PDIS-10-13-1027-PDN [accessed 14 May 2015].Google Scholar
Montecchio, L., Fanchin, G., Simonato, M., and Simonato, M. 2014. First record of thousand cankers disease fungal pathogen Geosmithia morbida and walnut twig beetle Pityophthorus juglandis on Juglans regia in Europe. Plant Disease, 98: 1445. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/PDIS-07-14-0719-PDN [accessed 14 May 2015].Google Scholar
Muge Gungor, N., Nami Kartal, S., and Kantay, R. 2007. Technological properties of wingnut (Pterocarya fraxinifolia (LAM.) Spach.) wood and characteristics of plywood from wingnut wood. Building and Environment, 42: 3108–3111.Google Scholar
Rugman-Jones, P.F., Seybold, S.J., Graves, A.D., and Stouthamer, R. 2015. Phylogeography of the walnut twig beetle, Pityophthorus juglandis, the vector of thousand cankers disease in North American walnut trees. Public Library of Science One, 10: e0118264. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0118264.Google Scholar
Serdani, M., Vlach, J., Wallis, K., Zerillo, M., McCleary, T., Romero-Severson, J., et al. 2013. First report of Geosmithia morbida and Pityophthorus juglandis causing thousand cankers disease in butternut. Plant Health Progress [online]. doi:10.1094/PHP-2013-1018-01-BR. Available from http://www.plantmanagementnetwork.org/pub/php/brief/2013/butternut [accessed 4 March 2015].Google Scholar
Seybold, S.J., Coleman, T.W., Dallara, P.L., Dart, N.L., Graves, A.D., Pederson, L.A., et al. 2012. Recent collecting reveals new state records and the extremes in the distribution of the walnut twig beetle, Pityophthorus juglandis Blackman (Coleoptera: Scolytidae), in the United States. Pan-Pacific Entomologist, 88: 277–280.Google Scholar
Seybold, S.J., Dallara, P.L., Nelson, L.J., Graves, A.D., Hishinuma, S.M., and Gries, R. 2013a. Methods of monitoring and controlling the walnut twig beetle, Pityophthorus juglandis. United States Patent Publication Number 2013/0014428A1. United States Patent and Trademark Office, United States Department of Commerce, Washington, District of Columbia, United States of America.Google Scholar
Seybold, S.J., Haugen, D., O’Brien, J., and Graves, A.D. 2013b. Thousand cankers disease [online]. United States Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Northeastern Area State and Private Forestry Pest Alert, NA-PR-02-10, Newtown Square, Pennsylvania, United States of America. Available from http://www.na.fs.fed.us/pubs/detail.cfm?id=5225 [accessed 25 August 2014].Google Scholar
Stanford, A.M., Harden, R., and Parks, C.R. 2000. Phylogeny and biogeography of Juglans (Juglandaceae) based on matK and ITS sequence data. American Journal of Botany, 87: 872–882.Google Scholar
Thomas, R.D. and Allen, C.M. 1993. Atlas of the vascular flora of Louisiana, volumes 1–3. Louisiana Department of Wildlife and Fisheries, Natural Heritage Program, Baton Rouge, Louisiana, United States of America.Google Scholar
Thomas, R.D. and Allen, C.M. 1997. Atlas of the vascular flora of Louisiana, volumes 1–3 (plus updates). Louisiana Department of Wildlife and Fisheries, Natural Heritage Program, Baton Rouge, Louisiana, United States of America.Google Scholar
Tisserat, N., Cranshaw, W., Leatherman, D., Utley, C., and Alexander, K. 2009a. Black walnut mortality in Colorado caused by the walnut twig beetle and thousand cankers disease [abstract]. Phytopathology Supplement, 99: S128.Google Scholar
Tisserat, N., Cranshaw, W., Leatherman, D., Utley, C., and Alexander, K. 2009b. Black walnut mortality in Colorado caused by the walnut twig beetle and thousand cankers disease. Plant Health Progress [online]. doi:10.1094/PHP-2009-0811-01-RS. Available from http://www.plantmanagementnetwork.org/pub/php/research/2009/walnut [accessed 4 May 2015].Google Scholar
Tisserat, N., Cranshaw, W., Putnam, M., Pscheidt, J., Leslie, C.A., Murray, M., et al. 2011. Thousand cankers disease is widespread on black walnut, Juglans nigra, in the western United States. Plant Health Progress [online]. doi:10.1094/PHP-2011-0630-01-BR. Available from http://www.plantmanagementnetwork.org/pub/php/brief/2011/walnut/ [accessed 14 May 2015].Google Scholar
United States Geological Survey. 2014. Digital representations of tree species range maps from “Atlas of United States Trees” by Elbert L. Little, Jr. (and other publications). Available from http://esp.cr.usgs.gov/data/little/ [accessed 25 August 2014].Google Scholar
University of Maryland Extension. 2014. Thousand cankers disease: thousand cankers disease found in mid-Atlantic. Available from http://extension.umd.edu/ipm/thousand-cankers-disesase [accessed 25 August 2014].Google Scholar
Utley, C., Cranshaw, W., Seybold, S.J., Graves, A.D., Leslie, C.A., Jacobi, W., et al. 2009. Susceptibility of Juglans and Carya species to Geosmithia: a cause of thousand cankers disease [abstract]. Phytopathology, 99: S133.Google Scholar
Utley, C., Nguyen, T., Roubtsova, T., Coggeshall, M., Ford, T.C., Grauke, L.J., et al. 2013. Susceptibility of walnut and hickory species to Geosmithia morbida . Plant Disease, 97: 601–607.Google Scholar
Whittemore, A.T. 2012. Pterocarya, in Jepson Flora Project [online]. Available from http://ucjeps.berkeley.edu/cgi-bin/get_IJM.pl?tid=40263 [accessed 25 August 2014].Google Scholar
Wiggins, G.J., Grant, J.F., Lambdin, P.L., Merten, P., Nix, K.A., Hadžiabdić, D., et al. 2014. Discovery of walnut twig beetle, Pityophthorus juglandis, associated with forested black walnut, Juglans nigra, in the eastern U.S. Forests, 5: 1185–1193.Google Scholar
Wood, S.L. 2007. Bark and ambrosia beetles of South America (Coleoptera, Scolytidae). Brigham Young University, M.L. Bean Life Science Museum, Provo, Utah, United States of America.Google Scholar
Wood, S.L. and Bright, D.E. 1992. A catalog of Scolytidae and Platypodidae (Coleoptera), part 2: taxonomic index, volume B. Great Basin Naturalist Memoirs, 13: 1–1005.Google Scholar
Yaghmour, M.A., Nguyen, T.L., Roubtsova, T.V., Hasey, J.K., Fichtner, E.J., DeBuse, C., et al. 2014. First report of Geosmithia morbida on English walnut and its Paradox rootstock in California. Plant Disease, 98: 1441. Available from http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/PDIS-06-14-0569-PDN [accessed 4 March 2015].Google Scholar
Yang, F. 2014. Pterocarya stenoptera [online]. Flora of China, 4: 281. Available from http://www.efloras.org/florataxon.aspx?flora_id=2&taxon_id=200006121 [accessed 25 August 2014].Google Scholar
Zerillo, M.M., Caballero, J.I., Woeste, K., Graves, A.D., Hartel, C., Pscheidt, J., et al. 2014. Population structure of Geosmithia morbida, the causal agent of thousand cankers disease of walnut trees in the United States. Public Library of Science One, 9: e112847. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0112847.Google Scholar