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Published online by Cambridge University Press: 28 January 2025
Let $\{\omega _n\}_{n\geq 1}$ be a sequence of independent and identically distributed random variables on a probability space
$(\Omega , \mathcal {F}, \mathbb {P})$, each uniformly distributed on the unit circle
$\mathbb {T}$, and let
$\ell _n=cn^{-\tau }$ for some
$c>0$ and
$0<\tau <1$. Let
$I_{n}=(\omega _n,\omega _n+\ell _n)$ be the random interval with left endpoint
$\omega _n$ and length
$\ell _n$. We study the asymptotic property of the covering time
$N_n(x)=\sharp \{1\leq k\leq n: x\in I_k\}$ for each
$x\in \mathbb {T}$. We prove the quenched central limit theorem for the covering time, that is,
$\mathbb {P}$-almost surely,
$$ \begin{align*}\frac{N_n(x)-\mathbb{E}_{\mathbb{P}}(N_n(x))}{\sqrt{\sum_{k=1}^n \ell_k(1-\ell_k)}}\end{align*} $$
converges in law to the standard normal distribution.
This work is supported by NSFC 11901204 and 12271418.