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Positive association between resistance to Bacillus thuringiensis and overwintering survival of cabbage loopers, Trichoplusia ni (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae)

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  07 February 2008

V. Caron  and
J.H. Myers
V. Caron*
Affiliation:
University of British Columbia, Department of Zoology, 6270 University Boulevard, Vancouver, British Columbia, V6T 1Z4
J.H. Myers
Affiliation:
University of British Columbia, Department of Zoology, 6270 University Boulevard, Vancouver, British Columbia, V6T 1Z4
*
*Author for correspondence Fax: +61 3 9905 5613 E-mail: valerie.caron@sci.monash.edu.au
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Abstract

Development of resistance to insecticides has generally been associated with fitness costs that may be magnified under challenging conditions. Lepidopterans which are resistant to the biopesticide Bacillus thuringiensis subsp. kurstaki (Btk) have been shown to have reduced fitness, such as lower survival when subjected to overwintering stress. Recently, resistance to Btk has been found in some populations of Trichoplusia ni Hübner in greenhouses in British Columbia. This situation provides an opportunity to investigate potential trade-offs between overwintering survival and insecticide resistance in a major pest species. Here, we assess the survival and eventual fecundity of Btk resistant and susceptible T. ni pupae exposed to cool temperatures. Contrary to our expectations, resistant T. ni had higher overwintering survival than susceptible individuals. This is the first account of a potential advantage associated with Btk resistance. Resistant and susceptible moths had reduced fecundity and smaller progeny after cold exposure compared to controls, and this may counteract the survival advantage. Nevertheless, it seems unlikely that this is sufficient to select out the resistant phenotype in the presence of strong selection for resistance and in the absence of immigration of susceptible moths. The appearance of resistance without evidence of a trade-off in overwintering survival presents a major challenge to management in production greenhouses.

Keywords

Bacillus thuringiensisevolution of resistanceoverwinteringpest managementgreenhouse populationscold stressfitness costs

Information

Type
Research Paper
Information
Bulletin of Entomological Research , Volume 98 , Issue 3 , June 2008 , pp. 317 - 322
Copyright
Copyright © 2008 Cambridge University Press

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