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Modulation of paraquat toxicity by β-carotene at low oxygen partial pressure in chicken embryo fibroblasts

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  09 March 2007

Susan M. Lawlor  and
Nora M. O'Brien
Susan M. Lawlor
Affiliation:
Department of Nutrition, National Food Biotechnology Centre, University College, Cork, Ireland
Nora M. O'Brien
Affiliation:
Department of Nutrition, National Food Biotechnology Centre, University College, Cork, Ireland
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Abstract

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The efficiency with which β-carotene protects against oxidative stress in chicken embryo fibrobiasts (CEF) at low O2 partial pressures was assessed. Primary cultures of CEF were grown at low O2 partial pressures and oxidatively stressed by exposure to paraquat (PQ). Activities of the antioxidant enzymes superoxide dismutase (EC 1.15.1.1; SOD), catalase (EC 1.11.1.6; CAT) and glutathione peroxidase (EC 1.11.1.9; GSH-Px) were measured as indices of oxidative stress. CEF incubated with 0·25–1·0 mM—PQ for 18 h exhibited increased SOD and CAT activities compared with non-PQ-treated control cells (P < 0·001). No cytotoxicity as indicated by lactate dehydrogenase (EC 1.1.1.27; LDH) release was observed at PQ concentrations below 2·0 mM. Incorporation of added β-carotene into 0·25 mM-PQ-treated cells prevented the PQ-induced increases in SOD and CAT, and activities were similar to those seen in non-PQ-treated control cells. GSH-Px activity decreased relative to its control value on exposure to 0·25 mM-PQ and β-carotene prevented this decrease in a dose-dependent manner. The proportion of LDH released from the CEF treated with β-carotene remained below the control value of 2·5% at all times.

Keywords

β-CaroteneOxidative stressChicken embryo fibroblastsParaquat
Type
General Nutrition
Information
British Journal of Nutrition , Volume 77 , Issue 1 , January 1997 , pp. 133 - 140
Copyright
Copyright © The Nutrition Society 1997

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