Hostname: page-component-745bb68f8f-v2bm5 Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2025-01-25T23:24:43.991Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Dietary sources of inorganic microparticles and their intake in healthy subjects and patients with Crohn's disease

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  09 March 2007

Miranda C. E. Lomer ,
Carol Hutchinson ,
Sara Volkert ,
Simon M. Greenfield ,
Adrian Catterall ,
Richard P. H. Thompson  and
Jonathan J. Powell
Miranda C. E. Lomer*
Affiliation:
Gastrointestinal Laboratory, The Rayne Institute, St Thomas' Hospital, Lambeth Palace Road, London, SE1 7EH, UK
Carol Hutchinson
Affiliation:
Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Franklin-Wilkins Building, King's College London, 150 Stamford Street, London, SE1 9NN, UK
Sara Volkert
Affiliation:
Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Franklin-Wilkins Building, King's College London, 150 Stamford Street, London, SE1 9NN, UK
Simon M. Greenfield
Affiliation:
Department of Gastroenterology, Queen Elizabeth II Hospital, Howlands, Welwyn, Garden City, Hertfordshire AL7 4HQ, UK
Adrian Catterall
Affiliation:
Department of Gastroenterology, Lister Hospital, Coreys Mill Lane, Stevenage, Hertfordshire SG1 4AB, UK
Richard P. H. Thompson
Affiliation:
Gastrointestinal Laboratory, The Rayne Institute, St Thomas' Hospital, Lambeth Palace Road, London, SE1 7EH, UK
Jonathan J. Powell
Affiliation:
Gastrointestinal Laboratory, The Rayne Institute, St Thomas' Hospital, Lambeth Palace Road, London, SE1 7EH, UK MRC Human Nutrition Research, Elsie Widdowson Laboratory, Fulbourn Road, Cambridge, CB1 9NL, UK
*
*Corresponding author: Dr Miranda C. E. Lomer, fax +44 20 7188 2510, email, miranda.lomer@kcl.ac.uk
Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

Core share and HTML view are not available for this content. However, as you have access to this content, a full PDF is available via the ‘Save PDF’ action button.

Dietary microparticles are non-biological, bacterial-sized particles. Endogenous sources are derived from intestinal Ca and phosphate secretion. Exogenous sources are mainly titanium dioxide (TiO2) and mixed silicates (Psil); they are resistant to degradation and accumulate in human Peyer's patch macrophages and there is some evidence that they exacerbate inflammation in Crohn's disease (CD). However, whether their intake differs between those with and without CD has not been studied. We aimed to identify dietary microparticle sources and intakes in subjects with and without CD. Patients with inactive CD and matched general practice-based controls (ninety-one per group) completed 7d food diaries. Intake data for dietary fibre and sucrose were compared as positive controls. All foods, pharmaceuticals and toothpastes were examined for microparticle content, and intakes of Ca and exogenous microparticles were compared between the two groups. Dietary intakes were significantly different between cases and controls for dietary fibre (12 (SD 5) v. 14 (sd 5) g/d; P=0.001) and sucrose (52 (sd 27) v. 45 (sd 18) g/d; P=0·04) but not for Ca. Estimated median TiO2 and Psil intakes (2·5 and 35mg/individual per d respectively, totalling 1012–1013 microparticles/individual per d) were broadly similar to per capita estimates and while there was wide variation in intakes between individuals there was no significant difference between subjects with CD and controls. Hence, if exposure to microparticles is associated with the inflammation of CD, then the present study rules out excess intake as the problem. Nonetheless, microparticle-containing foods have now been identified which allows a low-microparticle diet to be further assessed in CD.

Keywords

Dietary microparticlesCrohn's diseaseTitanium dioxideSilicatesParticulates
Type
Review Article
Information
British Journal of Nutrition , Volume 92 , Issue 6 , December 2004 , pp. 947 - 955
Copyright
Copyright © The Nutrition Society 2004

References

Anderson, SHC, Elliott, H, Wallis, DJ, Canham, LT & Powell, JJ (2003) Dissolution of different forms of partially porous silicon wafers under simulated physiological conditions. Phys Stat Sol 197, 331–335.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Ballegaard, M, Bjergstrom, A, Brondum, S, Hylander, E, Jensen, L & Ladefoged, K (1997) Self-reported food intolerance in chronic inflammatory bowel disease. Scand J Gastroenterol 32, 569–571.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Barhnart, WE, Hiller, LK, Leonard, GJ & Michaels, SE (1974) Dentifrice usage and ingestion among four age groups. J Dental Res 53, 1317–1322.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bengmark, S (2001) Pre-, pro- and synbiotics. Curr Opin Clin Nutr Metab Care 4, 571–579.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Bingham, SA, Gill, C & Welch, A (1997) Validation of dietary assessment methods in the UK arm of EPIC using weighed records, and 24-hour urinary nitrogen and potassium and serum vitamin C and carotenoids as biomarkers. Int J Epidemiol 26, S137–S151.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Brauer, PM, Gee, MI, Grace, M & Thomson, AB (1983) Diet of women with Crohn's and other gastrointestinal diseases. J Am Diet Assoc 82, 659–664.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Breuer-Katschinski, BD, Hollander, N & Goebell, H (1996) Effect of cigarette smoking on the course of Crohn's disease. Eur J Gastroenterol Hepatol 8, 225–228.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Cosnes, J, Carbonnel, F, Carrat, F, Beaugerie, L, Cattan, S & Gendre, J (1999) Effects of current and former cigarette smoking on the clinical course of Crohn's disease. Aliment Pharmacol Ther 13, 1403–1411.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Department of HealthDepartment of Health (1989) Dietary Sugars and Human Disease. Report on Health and Social Subjects no. 37 London: H.M. Stationery OfficeGoogle Scholar
Department of HealthDepartment of Health (1991) Dietary Reference Values for Food Energy and Nutrients for the United Kingdom. Report on Health and Social Subjects no. 41 London: H.M. Stationery OfficeGoogle Scholar
Ellis, RD, Goodlad, JR, Limb, GA, Powell, JJ, Thompson, RP & Punchard, NA (1998) Activation of nuclear factor kappa B in Crohn's disease. Inflamm Res 47, 440–445.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Evans, SM, Ashwood, P, Warley, A, Berisha, F, Thompson, RP & Powell, JJ (2002) The role of dietary microparticles and calcium in apoptosis and interleukin-1beta release of intestinal macrophages. Gastroenterology 123, 1543–1553.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Gee, MI, Grace, MG, Wensel, RH, Sherbaniuk, RW & Thomson, AB (1985) Nutritional status of gastroenterology outpatients: comparison of inflammatory bowel disease with functional disorders. J Am Diet Assoc 85, 1591–1599.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Geerling, BJ, Badart-Smook, A, Stockbrugger, RW & Brummer, RJ (1998) Comprehensive nutritional status in patients with long-standing Crohn disease currently in remission. Am J Clin Nutr 67, 919–926.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Gibney, MJ (1999) Dietary intake methods for estimating food additive intake. Regul Toxicol Pharmacol 30, S31–S33.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Gibson, GR & Roberfroid, MB (1995) Dietary modulation of the human colonic microbiota: introducing the concept of prebiotics. J Nutr 125, 1401–1412.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Hampe, J, Grebe, J & Nikolaus, S (2002) Association of NOD2 (CARD 15) genotype with clinical course of Crohn's disease: a cohort study. Lancet 359, 1661–1665.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Harper, PH, Lee, EC, Kettlewell, MG, Bennett, MK & Jewell, DP (1985) Role of the faecal stream in the maintenance of Crohn's colitis. Gut 26, 279–284.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Holland, B, Welch, AA, Unwin, ID, Buss, DH, Paul, AA & Southgate, DAT (1991) McCance and Widdowson's The Composition of Foods 5th ed. London The Royal Society of ChemistryGoogle Scholar
Inohara, N, Ogura, Y & Fontalba, A (2003) Host recognition of bacterial muramyl dipeptide mediated through NOD2. Implications for Crohn's disease. J Biol Chem 278, 5509–5512.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Jarnerot, G, Jarnmark, I & Nilsson, K (1983) Consumption of refined sugar by patients with Crohn's disease, ulcerative colitis, or irritable bowel syndrome. Scand J Gastroenterol 18, 999–1002.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Jukes, DJ (1997) Food Legislation of the UK: A Concise Guide 4th ed. Oxford: Butterworth-Heinemann.Google Scholar
Kasper, H & Sommer, H (1979) Dietary fibre and nutrient intake in Crohn's disease. Am J Clin Nutr 32, 1898–1901.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Katschinski, B, Logan, RF, Edmond, M & Langman, MJ (1988) Smoking and sugar intake are separate but interactive risk factors in Crohn's disease. Gut 29, 1202–1206.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Kovacsovics-Bankowski, M, Clark, K, Benacerraf, B & Rock, KL (1993) Efficient major histocompatibility complex class I presentation of exogenous antigen upon phagocytosis by macrophages. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 90, 4942–4946.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lambe, J, Kearney, J, Becker, W, Hulshof, K, Dunne, A & Gibney, MJ (1998) Predicting percentage of individuals consuming foods from percentage of households purchasing foods to improve the use of household budget surveys in estimating food chemical intakes. Public Health Nutr 1, 239–247.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Lawrie, CA & Rees, NM (1996) The approach adopted in the UK for the estimation of the intake of food additives. Food Addit Contam 13, 411–416.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Lomer, MCE (2002) Dietary microparticles and Crohn's disease. PhD Thesis, University of LondonGoogle Scholar
Lomer, MCE, Harvey, RSJ, Evans, SM, Thompson, RPH & Powell, JJ (2001) Efficacy and tolerability of a low microparticle diet in a double blind, randomized, pilot study in Crohn's disease. Eur J Gastroenterol Hepatol 13, 101–106.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lomer, MCE, Kodjabashia, K, Hutchinson, C, Thompson, RPH & Powell, JJ (2004) Intake of dietary iron is low in patients with Crohn's disease: a case–control study. Br J Nutr 91, 141–148.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Lomer, MCE, Thompson, RPH, Commisso, J, Keen, CL & Powell, JJ (2000) Determination of titanium dioxide in foods using inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry. Analyst 125, 2339–2343.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Lomer, MCE, Thompson, RPH & Powell, JJ (2002) Fine and ultrafine particles of the diet: influence on the mucosal immune response and association with Crohn's disease. Proc Nutr Soc 61, 123–130.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Lowik, MR (1996) Possible use of food consumption surveys to estimate exposure to additives. Food Addit Contam 13, 427–441.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Lund, EK, Wharf, SG, Fairweather-Tait, S & Johnson, IT (1999) Oral ferrous sulfate supplements increase the free radical-generating capacity of feces from healthy volunteers. Am J Clin Nutr 69, 250–255.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Marr, JW & Heady, JA (1986) Within- and between-person variation in dietary surveys: number of days needed to classify individuals. Hum Nutr Appl Nutr 40, 347–364.Google ScholarPubMed
Martini, GA & Brandes, JW (1976) Increased consumption of refined carbohydrates in patients with Crohn's disease. Klin Wochenschr 54, 367–371.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Mayberry, JF, Rhodes, J, Allan, R, Newcombe, RG, Regan, GM, Chamberlain, LM & Wragg, KG (1981) Diet in Crohn's disease: two studies of current and previous habits in newly diagnosed patients. Dig Dis Sci 26, 444–448.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Mingrone, G, Capristo, E, Greco, AV, Benedetti, G, De Gaetano, A, Tataranni, PA & Gasbarrini, G (1999) Elevated diet-induced thermogenesis and lipid oxidation rate in Crohn disease. Am J Clin Nutr 69, 325–330.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Ministry of Agriculture, Fisheries and Food (1993) Dietary Intake of Food Additives in the UK: Initial Surveillance. Food Surveillance Paper no. 37 London: H.M. Stationery OfficeGoogle Scholar
Oostenbrug, LE, van Dullemen, HM, te Meerman, GJ, Jansen, PL (2003) IBD and genetics: new developments. Scand J Gastroenterol 239, Suppl.63–68.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Powell, JJ, Ainley, CC, Harvey, RS, Mason, IM, Kendall, MD, Sankey, EA, Dhillon, AP & Thompson, RP (1996) Characterisation of inorganic microparticles in pigment cells of human gut associated lymphoid tissue. Gut 38, 390–395.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Rayment, N, Mylonaki, M, Hudspith, B, Brostoff, J & Rampton, DS (2003) Co-localisation of Escherichia coli with macrophages in lamina propria in patients with active inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Gut 52A13Google Scholar
Reid, I (1980) Social class, ethnicity, sex, and age in empirical research Social Class Differences in Britain; Life-chances & Lifestyles 27–89 London Fontana PressGoogle Scholar
Reif, S, Klein, I, Lubin, F, Farbstein, M, Hallak, A & Gilat, T (1997) Pre-illness dietary factors in inflammatory bowel disease. Gut 40, 754–760.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Rickards, L, Fox, K, Roberts, C, Fletcher, L & Goddard, E (2004) General Household Survey, Living in Britain, 2002 London H.M. Stationery OfficeGoogle Scholar
Samet, JM, Dominici, F, Curriero, FC, Coursac, I & Zeger, SL (2000) Fine particulate air pollution and mortality in 20 U.S. cities, 1987–1994. N Engl J Med 343, 1742–1749.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Shanahan, F (2002) Probiotics and inflammatory bowel disease: from fads and fantasy to facts and future. Br J Nutr 88, Suppl. 1S5–S9.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Shepherd, NA, Crocker, PR, Smith, AP & Levison, DA (1987) Exogenous pigment in Peyer's patches. Hum Pathol 18, 50–54.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Silkoff, K, Hallak, A, Yegena, L, Rozen, P, Mayberry, JF, Rhodes, J & Newcombe, RG (1980) Consumption of refined carbohydrate by patients with Crohn's disease in Tel-Aviv-Yafo. Postgrad Med J 56, 842–846.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Sullivan, SN (1990) Hypothesis revisited: toothpaste and the cause of Crohn's disease. Lancet 336, 1096–1097.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Taylor, PD, Jugdaohsingh, R & Powell, JJ (1997) Soluble silica with high affinity for aluminium under physiological and natural conditions. J Am Chem Soc 119, 8852–8856.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Tragnone, A, Valpiani, D, Miglio, F, Elmi, G, Bazzocchi, G, Pipitone, E & Lanfranchi, GA (1995) Dietary habits as risk factors for inflammatory bowel disease. Eur J Gastroenterol Hepatol 7, 47–51.Google ScholarPubMed
Urbanski, SJ, Arsenault, AL, Green, FH & Haber, G (1989) Pigment resembling atmospheric dust in Peyer's patches. Mod Pathol 2, 222–226.Google ScholarPubMed