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Published online by Cambridge University Press: 20 December 2010
Many species' non-threat facial expression involves an open mouth and retracted lip corners – the smile. This served to make an accompanying vocalization sound like it originated from a smaller vocalizer. That such signals are deceptive and benefit primarily the signaler undermines the notion that the perception of the smile employs embodied simulation of the smiler's state.
Target article
What's behind the smile?
Related commentaries (1)
The Simulation of Smiles (SIMS) model: Embodied simulation and the meaning of facial expression