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Impact of an invasive species, Crepidula fornicata,on the hydrodynamics and transport properties of the benthic boundary layer

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  17 May 2007

Frédéric Y. Moulin ,
Katell Guizien ,
Gérard Thouzeau ,
Georges Chapalain ,
Karen Mülleners  and
Catherine Bourg
Frédéric Y. Moulin
Affiliation:
Institut de Mécanique des Fluides de Toulouse (IMFT), UMR 5502, 1 allée du Professeur Camille Soula, 31400 Toulouse, France
Katell Guizien
Affiliation:
Université Pierre et Marie Curie-Paris 6, CNRS UMR 7621, 66650 Banyuls-sur-Mer, France
Gérard Thouzeau
Affiliation:
UMR 6539 CNRS – LEMAR, Institut Universitaire Européen de la Mer, Place N. Copernic, 29280 Plouzané, France
Georges Chapalain
Affiliation:
UMR 6539 CNRS – LEMAR, Institut Universitaire Européen de la Mer, Place N. Copernic, 29280 Plouzané, France
Karen Mülleners
Affiliation:
Institut de Mécanique des Fluides de Toulouse (IMFT), UMR 5502, 1 allée du Professeur Camille Soula, 31400 Toulouse, France
Catherine Bourg
Affiliation:
Institut de Mécanique des Fluides de Toulouse (IMFT), UMR 5502, 1 allée du Professeur Camille Soula, 31400 Toulouse, France
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Abstract

We investigated the impact of an invasive species, Crepidula fornicataon the hydrodynamics and transport properties of the benthic boundary layer. We present results obtainedby three different approaches: 1) in-situ measurements of near-bottom current and suspended sediment concentration on two sites in the Bay of Brest (Brittany, France), 2) velocity measurements in controlled laboratory experiments of flows over a bed of artificial Crepidula shells, and 3) numerical simulations of the flow over two-dimensional shell-like bed forms.Numerical and laboratory experiments showed that both the bed erosion and the exchange velocitybetween the canopy and the outer flow decrease as the roughness density increases. These results suggest a sheltering effect by the Crepidula shells increasing with the surface density of shells. This trend was also found in field measurements: during spring tides, higher particle resuspension was observed on the muddy sand bottom with few chains of slipper limpets compared with the high-density area. However, other processes may explain these data; their importance is thus discussed in this study.

Keywords

Benthic boundary layerBiogenic roughnessTransportTurbulenceErodability

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