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The use of conjoint analysis to determine the importance of factors that affect on-farm welfare of the dairy cow

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  11 January 2023

LJ Angus ,
H Bowen ,
LAS Gill ,
TG Knowles  and
A Butterworth
LJ Angus
Affiliation:
Clinical Veterinary Science, University of Bristol, Langford, Bristol, BS40 5DU, UK
H Bowen
Affiliation:
Clinical Veterinary Science, University of Bristol, Langford, Bristol, BS40 5DU, UK
LAS Gill
Affiliation:
Clinical Veterinary Science, University of Bristol, Langford, Bristol, BS40 5DU, UK
TG Knowles
Affiliation:
Clinical Veterinary Science, University of Bristol, Langford, Bristol, BS40 5DU, UK
A Butterworth*
Affiliation:
Clinical Veterinary Science, University of Bristol, Langford, Bristol, BS40 5DU, UK
*
* Contact for correspondence and requests for reprints: andy.butterworth@bris.ac.uk
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Abstract

A large range of variables can affect the welfare of the dairy cow, making it difficult to assess the overall ‘level of welfare’ of the individual animal. Two groups of individuals completed a questionnaire based upon the ‘five freedoms’: 26 respondents had expertise either in the field of dairy cow welfare or as practicing veterinary surgeons, and 30 were veterinary students in their penultimate year of study. Conjoint analysis was used to calculate the average importance scores (AIS) for 34 variables presented to the respondents as 52 ‘model cows’ in the form of grouped questions, phrases and pictures. Conjoint analysis identified the most important factors for each ‘freedom’: access to forage, body condition score, foot conformation, hock lesions, and the encouragement required for a dairy cow to walk into the parlour. There was a significant difference between the expert and student groups for seven out of 34 factors, which may be attributed to individual variation of opinion, knowledge, experience and expectation. The factors were ranked within each ‘freedom’ using the experts' AIS but it was not assumed that each freedom had equal ‘weight’; therefore, the factors within each freedom were compared only with factors within the same freedom. These scores produced a weighting scale, which was applied on-farm, in a preliminary exercise comparing ‘model’ and ‘perceived’ welfare scores.

Keywords

animal welfareconjoint analysisdairy cowfive freedomson-farmwelfare assessment
Type
Research Article
Information
Animal Welfare , Volume 14 , Issue 3 , August 2005 , pp. 203 - 213
Copyright
© 2005 Universities Federation for Animal Welfare

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