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#No2Sectarianism: Experimental Approaches to Reducing Sectarian Hate Speech Online

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  29 June 2020

ALEXANDRA A. SIEGEL Open the ORCID record for ALEXANDRA A. SIEGEL [Opens in a new window]  and
VIVIENNE BADAAN Open the ORCID record for VIVIENNE BADAAN [Opens in a new window]
ALEXANDRA A. SIEGEL*
Affiliation:
University of Colorado at Boulder
VIVIENNE BADAAN*
Affiliation:
New York University
*
Alexandra A. Siegel, Assistant Professor, University of Colorado at Boulder, alexandra.siegel@colorado.edu
Vivienne Badaan, PhD. Candidate, Department of Psychology, New York University, vivienne.badaan@nyu.edu
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Abstract

We use an experiment across the Arab Twittersphere and a nationally representative survey experiment in Lebanon to evaluate what types of counter-speech interventions are most effective in reducing sectarian hate speech online. We explore whether and to what extent messages priming common national identity or common religious identity, with and without elite endorsements, decrease the use of hostile anti-outgroup language. We find that elite-endorsed messages that prime common religious identity are the most consistently effective in reducing the spread of sectarian hate speech. Our results provide suggestive evidence that religious elites may play an important role as social referents—alerting individuals to social norms of acceptable behavior. By randomly assigning counter-speech treatments to actual producers of online hate speech and experimentally evaluating the effectiveness of these messages on a representative sample of citizens that might be incidentally exposed to such language, this work offers insights for researchers and policymakers on avenues for combating harmful rhetoric on and offline.

Type
Research Article
Information
American Political Science Review , Volume 114 , Issue 3 , August 2020 , pp. 837 - 855
Copyright
© The Author(s), 2020. Published by Cambridge University Press on behalf of the American Political Science Association.

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Footnotes

Our thanks to Kevin Munger, Joshua Tucker, Jonathan Nagler, Marc Lynch, Jennifer Larson, Amaney Jamal, Morten Valborn, Renard Sexton, Zachary Steinert-Threlkeld, Thomas Zeitzoff, and participants at the 2018 POMEPS Annual Conference for their helpful comments and suggestions; to NYU’s Center for Social Media and Politics for making our collaboration possible; and the National Science Foundation (Award #1647450) for research support. Replication files are available at the American Political Science Review Dataverse: https://doi.org/10.7910/DVN/KQJKY0.

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