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Paleoindian Colonization of the Americas: Implications from an Examination of Physiography, Demography, and Artifact Distribution

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  20 January 2017

David G. Anderson  and
J. Christopher Gillam
David G. Anderson
Affiliation:
Southeast Archeological Center, National Park Service, 2035 East Paul Dirac Dr., Box 7, Tallahassee, FL 32310, danderson@seac.fsu.edu
J. Christopher Gillam
Affiliation:
Savannah River Archaeological Research Program, South Carolina Institute of Archaeology and Anthropology, University of South Carolina, 1321 Pendleton St., Columbia, SC 29208-0071, gillam@ellie.cla.sc.edu
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Abstract

GIS-based, least-cost analyses employing continental scale elevation data, coupled with information on the late glacial location of ice sheets and pluvial lakes, suggest possible movement corridors used by initial human populations in colonizing the New World. These routes, demographic evidence, and the location of Paleoindian archaeological assemblages, support the possibility of a rapid spread and diversification of founding populations. Initial dispersal, these analyses suggest, would have been most likely in coastal and riverine settings, and on plains. The analyses suggest areas where evidence for early human settlement may be found in North and South America. In some cases, these areas have received little prior archaeological survey. The method can be used to explore patterns of human migration and interaction at a variety of geographic scales.

Resumen

Resumen

En análisis del costo mínimo basado en el Sistem de Información Geografica (GIS) empleando datos en la escala de elevación continental, acoplado con información sobre las posiciónes de las extensiónes de capas de hielo y los lagos pluviales durante el periódo glacialfinale, sugiere los possible corredores de movimiento que las poblacidnes humanos iniciales probablemente usaron en la colonizión del Nuevo Mundo. Estas rutas, evidencia demográfico, y la localización del asambleas arqueológicas Paleo-Indios, sostiene la posibilidad de una desparramar rápido y la diversificación de las poblaciónes fundadoras. La dispersión initial, los análisis sugieren, fueron más probable en las locales costeros y ribereños, y también en llanos. Los análises sugieren áreas donde evidencia de la colonización por los humanos antiguos puedo ser encontrado en America del Norte y del Sur. En unos casos estas áreas han recibido poca evaluation arqueólogicas. Este método se puede usar para explorar los modelos de migración y interacción humano en una variedad de escalas geográficas.

Type
Reports
Information
American Antiquity , Volume 65 , Issue 1 , January 2000 , pp. 43 - 66
Copyright
Copyright © The Society for American Archaeology 2000

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