Hostname: page-component-f554764f5-246sw Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2025-04-10T21:39:54.789Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Effect of process parameters on the corrosion characteristics of friction stir welded aluminum alloy AA2014-T6

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  08 January 2025

S.K. Ashok Open the ORCID record for S.K. Ashok [Opens in a new window] ,
D. Shanmugam Open the ORCID record for D. Shanmugam [Opens in a new window] ,
S. Ponni Alias Sathya Open the ORCID record for S. Ponni Alias Sathya [Opens in a new window]  and
M. Jayaraj Open the ORCID record for M. Jayaraj [Opens in a new window]
S.K. Ashok*
Affiliation:
Department of Automobile Engineering, Dr. Mahalingam College of Engineering and Technology, Pollachi, Tamilnadu, India
D. Shanmugam
Affiliation:
Department of Automobile Engineering, Dr. Mahalingam College of Engineering and Technology, Pollachi, Tamilnadu, India
S. Ponni Alias Sathya
Affiliation:
Department of Information Technology, Dr. Mahalingam College of Engineering and Technology, Pollachi, Tamilnadu, India
M. Jayaraj
Affiliation:
Department of Mechanical Engineering, Dr. Mahalingam College of Engineering and Technology, Pollachi, Tamilnadu, India
*
Corresponding author: S.K. Ashok; Email: ashokksamy@gmail.com
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

Friction stir welding (FSW) is a method of solid-state welding used to connect difficult-to-weld materials, such as aluminium alloy and magnesium alloy that cannot be joined using conventional welding techniques. This paper investigates the impact of FSW parameters on the corrosion characteristics of friction stir-welded AA2014-T6 aluminium alloy. Experiments were conducted in accordance with the Taguchi L9 orthogonal array by varying tool rotation speed, weld speed, and axial force across three levels. The FSW joints of the aluminium alloy AA2014-T6 were subjected to corrosion test using the electro-chemical workstation CHI660C. The Tafel plots and the corrosion rates were obtained from the corrosion tests. It was observed from the analysis of variance (ANOVA) results of the corrosion rates, that the tool rotation speed is the most persuading factor in controlling the corrosion rate. The scanning electron microscope (SEM) images of the corroded samples were analysed for the presence of pitting spots and its density.

Keywords

friction stir weldingcorrosion rateTafel plotaluminum alloy AA2014-T6
Type
Research Article
Information
The Aeronautical Journal , Volume 129 , Issue 1334 , April 2025 , pp. 960 - 974
Check for updates
Copyright
© The Author(s), 2025. Published by Cambridge University Press on behalf of Royal Aeronautical Society

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

Article purchase

Temporarily unavailable

References

Arya, P.K., Sathiaraj, D., Jain, N.K., Jayaprakash, M. and Saxena, K.K. Microstructure, mechanical and corrosion behaviour of friction stir welding of AA6061 Al alloy and AZ31B Mg alloy. Metallurgical Research & Technology, 2022, 119, (4), p 413.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Ashok, S.K., and Ponni Alias Sathya, S. A fuzzy model to predict the mechanical characteristics of friction stir welded joints of aluminum alloy AA2014-T6. The Aeronautical Journal, 2023, 127, (1311), pp 818–830.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bousquet, E., Poulon-Quintin, A., Puiggali, M., Devos, O. and Touzet, M. Relationship between microstructure, microhardness and corrosion sensitivity of an AA 2024-T3 friction stir welded joint, Corrosion Science, 2011, 53, (9), pp 3026–3034.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
D’Urso, G., Giardini, C., Lorenzi, S., Cabrini, M. and Pastore, T. The Effects of process parameters on mechanical properties and corrosion behavior in friction stir welding of aluminum alloys, Procedia Engineering, 2017, 183, pp 270–276.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Deng, C., Wang, C., Wang, F., Song, B. and Zhang, H. Effect of microstructure evolution on corrosion behavior of 2195 Al-Li alloy friction stir welding joint. Materials Characterization, 2022, 184, p 111652.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Fahimpour, V., Sadrnezhaad, S.K. and Karimzadeh, F. Corrosion behavior of aluminum 6061 alloy joined by friction stir welding and gas tungsten arc welding methods, Materials & Design, 2012, 39, pp 329–333.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Gupta, S., Haridas, R.S., Agrawal, P., Mishra, R.S. and Doherty, K.J. Influence of welding parameters on mechanical, microstructure, and corrosion behavior of friction stir welded Al 7017 alloy. Materials Science and Engineering: A, 2022, 846, p 143303.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Jariyaboon, M., Davenport, A.J., Ambat, B.J., Connolly, S.W., William, A. and Price, D.A. The effect of welding parameters on the corrosion behaviour of friction stir welded AA2024-T351’. Corrosion Science, 2007, 49, pp 877–909.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kang, J., Fu, R.D., Luan, G.H., Dong, C.L. and He, M. In-situ investigation on the pitting corrosion behavior of friction stir welded joint of AA2024-T3 aluminium alloy, Corrosion Science, 2010, 52, (2), pp 620–626.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kannusamy, A.S. and Ramasamy, R. Effect of post weld heat treatment and welding parameters on mechanical and corrosion characteristics of friction stir welded aluminium alloy AA2014-T6. Transactions of the Canadian Society for Mechanical Engineering, 2018, 43, (2), pp 230–236.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Li, N., Li, W.Y., Yang, X.W., and Alexopoulos, N.D. Corrosion performance and mechanical properties of friction stir welded AA2024-T3 joints under different corrosion solution exposure. Materials and Corrosion, 2017, 68, (9), pp 970–976. doi: 10.1002/maco.201609346 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lu, H., Xu, W., Wang, H. and Wang, X.Z. Microstructure evolution and its effect on the corrosion of dissimilar aluminum alloys friction stir welding joint. Corrosion Science, 2023, 220, p 111249.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Maggiolino, S. and Schmid, C. Corrosion resistance in FSW and in MIG welding techniques of AA6XXX, Journal of Materials Processing Technology, 2008, 197, (1-3), pp 237–240.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Mosleh, A.O., Mahmoud, F.H., Mahmoud, T.S. and Khalifa, T.A. Microstructure and static immersion corrosion behavior of AA7020-O Al plates joined by friction stir welding, Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part L: Journal of Materials: Design and Applications, 2016, 230, (6), pp 1030–1040.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Oladele, I.O., Betiku, O.T. and Fakoya, M.B. Effect of post weld heat treatment on the mechanical and corrosion behaviour of welded Al-Fe-Si alloy joints, Leonardo Electronic Journal of Practice and Technologies, 2017, 30, pp 75–86.Google Scholar
Prasad, G.S., Rao, K.S. and Reddy, G.M. The effect of microstructure on corrosion behaviour and mechanical properties of friction stir welds of AA2519 and AA2219 Al-alloys. Materials Today Communications, 2022, 33, p 104446.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Proton, V., Alexis, J., Andrieu, E., Delfosse, J., Lafont, M.C. and Blanc, C. Characterisation and understanding of the corrosion behaviour of the nugget in a 2050 aluminium alloy friction stir welding joint, Corrosion Science, 2013, 73, pp 130–142.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Qian, S., Zhang, T., Chen, Y., Xie, J., Chen, Y., Lin, T. and Li, H., Effect of ultrasonic impact treatment on microstructure and corrosion behavior of friction stir welding joints of 2219 aluminum alloy, Journal of Materials Research and Technology, 2022, 18, pp 1631–1642.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Qin, H.L., Zhang, H., Sun, D.T. and Zhuang, Q.Y. Corrosion behavior of the friction-stir-welded joints of 2A14-T6 aluminum alloy, International Journal of Minerals, Metallurgy, and Materials, 2015, 22, (6), pp 627–638.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Sato, Y.S., Kokawa, H. and Kurihara, S. Systematic examination of precipitation phenomena associated with hardness and corrosion properties in friction stir welded aluminium alloy 2024, Welding in the World, 2011, 55, (11-12), pp 39–47.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Shyamlal, C., Shanmugavel, R., Jappes, J.W., Nair, A., Ravichandran, M., Abuthakeer, S.S., Prakash, C., Dixit, S. and Vatin, N.I. Corrosion behavior of friction stir welded AA8090-T87 aluminum alloy, Materials, 2022, 15, (15), p 5165.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Sinhmar, S. and Dwivedi, D.K. Enhancement of mechanical properties and corrosion resistance of friction stir welded joint of AA2014 using water cooling, Materials Science and Engineering: A, 2017, 684, pp 413–422.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Soto-Diaz, R., Sandoval-Amador, A., Escorcia-Gutierrez, J. and Unfried-Silgado, J. Influence of process parameters on the mechanical properties and corrosion resistance of dissimilar friction stir welded joints of AA2024-O and AA6061-O aluminum alloys, Metals, 2024, 14, (6), p 664.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Wadeson, D.A., Zhou, X., Thompson, G.E., Skeldon, P., Oosterkamp, L.D. and Scamans, G. Corrosion behaviour of friction stir welded AA7108 T79 aluminium alloy, Corrosion Science, 2006, 48, (4), pp 887–897.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Xu, W. and Liu, J. Microstructure and pitting corrosion of friction stir welded joints in 2219-O aluminum alloy thick plate, Corrosion Science, 2009, 51, (11), pp 2743–275.CrossRefGoogle Scholar