Contents

pp ix-xi

List of Tables

pp xii-xii

Acknowledgments

pp xiii-xiv

Abbreviations of Frequently Cited Sources

pp xv-xvi

Introduction

pp 1-20

Part I - Professions and Professionals

pp 21-22

1 - Professions in Early-Twentieth-Century Shanghai

pp 23-49

2 - Professionals as Urban Middle Class

pp 50-77

Conclusion to Part I

pp 78-78

Part II - Social Institutions, State Actions, and Professionalization

pp 79-82

3 - The Republican State and Urban Associations

pp 83-106

4 - The Republican State and the Legal Profession

pp 107-128

5 - The Republican State and the Medical Profession

pp 129-154

Conclusion to Part II

pp 155-156

Part III - Professionalism, Nationalism, and Politics

pp 157-160

6 - From “Literary Men” to Professionals: Shanghai Journalists

pp 161-189

7 - National Essence versus Science: The Medical Profession in Conflict

pp 190-214

8 - Professionalism and Nationalism: The Shanghai Bar Association (I)

pp 215-241

9 - Professionalism and Politics: The Shanghai Bar Association (II)

pp 242-267

Conclusion to Part III

pp 268-270

Conclusion

pp 271-284

Glossary

pp 285-298

Bibliography

pp 299-318

Index

pp 319-328