Yale-Brown Obsessive-Compulsive Scale Modified for Body Dysmorphic Disorder (BDD-YBOCS)

doi:10.1017/9781009398275.131

Chapter 130 - Yale-Brown Obsessive-Compulsive Scale Modified for Body Dysmorphic Disorder (BDD-YBOCS)

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Katharine A. Phillips

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Virginia Ramseyer Winter ,

Tracy L. Tylka and

Antoinette M. Landor

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Virginia Ramseyer Winter: Affiliation:
University of Minnesota
Tracy L. Tylka: Affiliation:
Ohio State University
Antoinette M. Landor: Affiliation:
University of Missouri

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Summary

The 12-item Yale-Brown Obsessive-Compulsive Scale Modified for Body Dysmorphic Disorder (BDD-YBOCS; Phillips et al., 1997) is a widely used, semi-structured, clinician or rater-administered measure of a person’s current severity of body dysmorphic disorder (BDD). To emphasize, the BDD-YBOCS is a severity measure and not a screening or diagnostic measure of BDD, and it should be used only in individuals who have already been diagnosed with BDD. The BDD-YBOCS has been the primary outcome measure in most treatment studies of BDD and is also used in clinical settings. It can be administered online or in-person to children, adolescents, and adults and is free to use, although a fee may be charged for more than a certain number of free uses. This chapter first discusses the development of the BDD-YBOCS and then provides evidence of its psychometrics. It has three factors: a core symptoms factor (BDD diagnostic criteria), a resistance-control factor (for thoughts/preoccupation), and a repetitive behaviors factor. Internal consistency, interrater reliability, test-retest reliability, convergent validity, and discriminant validity support the use of the BDD-YBOCS. It is sensitive to change as a result of clinical intervention. This chapter directs readers for how to obtain the full list of items. Logistics of use, such as permissions, copyright, and contact information, are provided for readers.

Keywords

Yale-Brown Obsessive-Compulsive Scale Modified for Body Dysmorphic Disorder BDD-YBOCS clinical settings body dysmorphic disorder severity body checking appearance cut-point outcome measure scale development psychometric evidence factor structure reliability validity administration scoring

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Type: Chapter
Information: Handbook of Body Image-Related Measures , pp. 385 - 387

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/9781009398275.131 [Opens in a new window]

Publisher: Cambridge University Press

Print publication year: 2025

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References

Fernandez de la Cruz, L., Enander, J., Rück, C., Wilhelm, S., Phillips, K. A., Steketee, G., et al. (2021). Empirically defining treatment response and remission in body dysmorphic disorder. Psychological Medicine, 51, 83–89. https://doi.org/10.1017%2FS0033291719003003.CrossRef Google Scholar PubMed

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Phillips, K. A., Hart, A. S., & Menard, W. (2014). Psychometric evaluation of the Yale–Brown Obsessive-Compulsive Scale Modified for Body Dysmorphic Disorder (BDD-YBOCS). Journal of Obsessive-Compulsive and Related Disorders, 3, 205–208. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jocrd.2014.04.004.CrossRef Google Scholar

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Snorrason, I., Jaroszewski, A. C., Greenberg, J. L., Weingarden, H., Summers, B. J., Fang, A., et al. (2024). Yale-Brown Obsessive-Compulsive Scale Modified for Body Dysmorphic Disorder: Factor structure and construct validity of subfactors. Journal of Obsessive-Compulsive and Related Disorders, 42, 100881. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jocrd.2024.100881.CrossRef Google Scholar PubMed

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