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Chapter 59 - Cognitive Fusion Questionnaire–Body Image (CFQ-BI)

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Virginia Ramseyer Winter
Affiliation:
University of Minnesota
Tracy L. Tylka
Affiliation:
Ohio State University
Antoinette M. Landor
Affiliation:
University of Missouri
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Summary

The 10-item Cognitive Fusion Questionnaire-Body Image (CFQ-BI; Ferreira et al., 2015) assesses cognitive fusion related to body image, which represents an entanglement with cognitions related to one’s body, perceiving them as true events of reality instead of subjective and transitory experiences. In other words, an individual becomes “fused” with their internal events (e.g., thoughts, emotions, memories, sensations) concerning body image and is highly regulated by them. Engaging in body image-related cognitive fusion can trigger emotional and behavioral responses that are regulated by internal, body-focused events, leading to a disregard of other important cues such as external experiences and individual life values. The CFQ-BI can be administered online or in-person and is free to use. This chapter first discusses the development of the CFQ-BI and then provides evidence of its psychometrics. More specifically, the CFQ-BI is unidimensional per exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses and invariant across gender and sample type (clinical, nonclinical samples). Internal consistency reliability, test-retest reliability, convergent validity, discriminant validity, and incremental validity support its use. Next, this chapter provides the CFQ-BI items in their entirety, instructions for administration and scoring, and the item response scale. Links to known translations are included. Logistics of use, such as permissions, copyright, and contact information, are available for readers.

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Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Print publication year: 2025

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References

Barney, J. L., Barrett, T. S., Lensegrav-Benson, T., Quakenbush, B., & Twohig, M. P. (2021). Confirmatory factor analysis and measurement invariance of the Cognitive Fusion Questionnaire-Body Image in a clinical eating disorder sample. Body Image, 38, 262269. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bodyim.2021.04.012.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Duarte, C., & Pinto-Gouveia, J. (2017). The impact of early shame memories in binge eating disorder: The mediator effect of current body image shame and cognitive fusion. Psychiatry Research, 258, 511517. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psychres.2017.08.086.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Duarte, C., Pinto-Gouveia, J., & Ferreira, C. (2017). Ashamed and fused with body image and eating: Binge eating as an avoidance strategy. Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, 24, 195202. https://doi.org/10.1002/cpp.1996.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Ferreira, C., Palmeira, L., & Trindade, I. A. (2014). Turning eating psychopathology risk factors into action: The pervasive effect of body image-related cognitive fusion. Appetite, 80, 137142. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.appet.2014.05.019.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Ferreira, C., & Trindade, I. A. (2015). Body image-related cognitive fusion as a main mediational process between body-related experiences and women’s quality of life. Eating and Weight Disorders, 20, 9197. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40519-014-0155-y.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Ferreira, C., Trindade, I. A., Duarte, C., & Pinto-Gouveia, J. (2015). Getting entangled with body image: Development and validation of a new measure. Psychology and Psychotherapy: Theory, Research and Practice, 88, 304316. https://doi.org/10.1111/papt.12047.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Gillanders, D. T., Bolderston, H., Bond, F. W., Dempster, M., Flaxman, P. E., Campbell, L., et al. (2014). The development and initial validation of the Cognitive Fusion Questionnaire. Behavior Therapy, 45, 83101. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.beth.2013.09.001.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Lucena-Santos, P., Trindade, I. A., Oliveira, M., & Pinto-Gouveia, J. (2017). Cognitive Fusion Questionnaire-Body Image: Psychometric properties and its incremental power in the prediction of binge eating severity. The Journal of Psychology, 151(4), 379392. https://doi.org/10.1080/00223980.2017.1305322.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Trindade, I. A., & Ferreira, C. (2014). The impact of body image-related cognitive fusion on eating psychopathology. Eating Behaviors, 15, 7275. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eatbeh.2013.10.014.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed

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