Cognitive and Neural Aspects of the Multilingual Mental Lexicon

doi:10.1017/9781009202336.018

13 - Cognitive and Neural Aspects of the Multilingual Mental Lexicon

from Part IVA - Building Cognitive Brain Reserve and the Importance of Proficiency

Published online by Cambridge University Press: aN Invalid Date NaN

John W. Schwieter and

Gabrielle Klassen

Edited by

Edna Andrews and

Swathi Kiran

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Edna Andrews: Affiliation:
Duke University, North Carolina
Swathi Kiran: Affiliation:
Boston University

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Summary

In this chapter, we explore key questions about the mental lexicon and brain activity in multilinguals. We begin by discussing research investigating whether languages have separate, integrated, or partially integrated mental representations and how words are processed across languages. We then explore the notion of whether words should be seen as mental representations or brain activity patterns and how lexical processing can be studied in the brain. In doing so, we review advancements in understanding brain function and cognition through multilingual lexicon research using various innovative methods. We address how perspectives on the multilingual mental lexicon can be conceptualized and their implications for theoretical models. Finally, we review research that has contributed to our understanding of bilingual brain function, including short- and long-term changes from multilingualism, and address models integrating behavioral and neurological insights.

Keywords

Age of acquisition Alzheimer’s disease Aphasia Dementia Bidirectional influence Bilingual advantage Bilingual aphasiacs Bilingual Language Interaction Network for Comprehension of Speech model (BLINCS)Bilingual processing models Bottom-up information Brain activity Brain function Co-activation Cognitive control Cross-language influence Cross-language priming Language selectivity degree of Cognates Electroencephalography (EEG)Error rates Event-related potentials (ERPs)Executive control Eye-tracking Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI)Homograph inhibition Implicit memory Explicit memory Inhibitory control Inhibitory Control Model (ICM)Language competence Language control Language non-specific models Language recovery patterns Language selectivity Language-specific models Lexical activation Lexical competition Lexical decision tasks Lexical processing Lexical representations Lexical selection Priming Masked priming Memory-unification-control framework Mental lexicon Bilingual lexicon word-concept mapping N400 component Neural efficiency in bilinguals Neuroimaging Non-linguistic cognitive function Pathological language switching Phonological representations Positron emission tomography (PET)Post-lexical integration Process specific alliances (PSAs)Processing difficulty Processing sequence Processing strategy Proficiency Reaction times Proficiency language Resting state Self-organizing maps Semantic priming Semantic system Sequential bilinguals Simultaneous bilinguals Syntactic rules Task modality Top-down attentional processes Typological similarity Unmasked priming Visual word recognition

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Type: Chapter
Information: The Cambridge Handbook of Language and Brain , pp. 339 - 370

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/9781009202336.018 [Opens in a new window]

Publisher: Cambridge University Press

Print publication year: 2025

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