One of life’s most fundamental revelations is change. Presenting the fascinating view that pattern is the manifestation of change, this unique book explores the science, mathematics, and philosophy of change and the ways in which they have come to inform our understanding of the world. Through discussions on chance and determinism, symmetry and invariance, information and entropy, quantum theory and paradox, the authors trace the history of science and bridge the gaps between mathematical, physical, and philosophical perspectives. Change as a foundational concept is deeply rooted in ancient Chinese thought, and this perspective is integrated into the narrative throughout, providing philosophical counterpoints to customary Western thought. Ultimately, this is a book about ideas. Intended for a wide audience, not so much as a book of answers, but rather an introduction to new ways of viewing the world.

The essence of dimensional analysis is very simple: if you are asked how hot it is outside, the answer is never “2 o’clock”. You’ve got to make sure that the units, or “dimensions”, agree. In this chapter, we understand what it means for quantities to have dimensions and how getting to grips with this can help solve problems without doing any serious work.

This project focuses on the Initial Value Problem (IVP) for ordinary differential equations with the application of multipoint recursion schemes. The effectiveness and convergence of these schemes are explored and subsequently applied to examine the properties of a compound pendulum, specifically the dependence of the oscillation period on energy. The chapter then focuses on Newton’s laws of motion, laying the foundation for understanding the motion equation. The project uses a simple pendulum to illustrate the concept, looking at how changes in amplitude affect the period of harmonic oscillations. Numerical methods, such as recursive methods based on local extrapolation, are then employed to derive formulas. The project concludes by discussing the integration of Runge–Kutta methods and implicit schemes to solve the equations. This project ultimately questions the viability of the pendulum as a standard unit of time, adding value to ongoing discussions in physics and mathematics education.

This chapter focuses on mathematics and computational thinking. In each chapter, the practice is dissected into distinct and clear learning tasks that serve as process goals for learning the practice. These tasks are then examined within the context of a self-regulated learning cycle and coaching strategies for instruction and assessment are emphasized. The instruction and assessment strategies are contextualized for students in grades 9–12 and focus on conducting an investigation on the factors influencing the period of a pendulum. The data practices for the investigation are infused with computational thinking. The tasks are reassembled into two case studies focused on the heating curve of water– one positive and one negative – to demonstrate how the learning tasks can be used by students and how teachers can support students learning how to plan and carry out investigations.

In this chapter, we begin by examining the work due to a torque. We then define the concept of the rotational kinetic energy for a point mass, systems of discrete masses, and continuous rigid bodies. We develop the angular work-kinetic energy theorem and use it to study the conservation of energy and the conservation of mechanical energy in systems involving rotational motion. To develop these theorems, we draw from our understanding of the analogous theorems in linear motion.