Today, the volunteers of the International Brigades are remembered for their frontline fighting rather than their rearguard humanitarianism. Chapter six turns to the unitߣs work with Spanish children to show that, for many volunteers, these activities represented two sides of the same antifascist coin. The volunteers held fiestas, distributed food and even established a range of homes, canteens and daycare centres for children uprooted by the war. In the first place, these ambitious initiatives enabled the volunteers to rest assured that they were ߢsoldiers of cultureߣ engaged in a just war for the survival of a martyred community. Just as crucially, they enabled them to draw members of that same community into their own understanding of the antifascist struggle and prepare them for the egalitarian ߢNew Spainߣ which would be built in its wake. This chapter turns its attention to a social group whose historical agency is only now being properly recognised, not least by showing how the children involved in the International Brigadesߣ rearguard initiatives creatively engaged with the volunteersߣ own process of making antifascist war.