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Chapter 22 - Twenty Questions about Employment Testing Bias and Unfairness in Türkiye

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  04 November 2025

Winfred Arthur, Jr.
Affiliation:
Texas A & M University
Dennis Doverspike
Affiliation:
George Mason University
Benjamin D. Schulte
Affiliation:
Texas A & M University
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Summary

This chapter explores bias and fairness in employment testing in Türkiye across governmental and private sectors. It distinguishes fairness – equal opportunity, transparency, and uniform outcomes – from bias, especially in relation to predictive validity. The chapter situates these issues within Türkiye’s cultural, ethnic, and socioeconomic landscape, examining how historical and regional factors shape perceptions and practices. Key legal and regulatory frameworks, such as Turkish Labor Law and constitutional mandates, are reviewed to highlight protections for equal treatment. It also evaluates bias detection methods, including differential item functioning, sensitivity reviews, and predictive bias analyses, and discusses challenges from emerging technologies such as the use of artificial intelligence in personnel selection. The chapter underscores the need for strong validity evidence and proactive strategies to promote fair and equitable hiring in Türkiye.

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References

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