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14 - Generative AI and Non-discrimination Law in the EU

from Part III - Generative AI

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  08 August 2025

Mimi Zou
Affiliation:
University of New South Wales, Sydney
Cristina Poncibò
Affiliation:
University of Turin
Martin Ebers
Affiliation:
University of Tartu, Estonia
Ryan Calo
Affiliation:
University of Washington
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Summary

The AI Act contains some specific provisions dealing with the possible use of artificial intelligence for discriminatory purposes or in discriminatory ways, in the context of the European Union. The AI Act also regulates generative AI models. However, these two respective sets of rules have little in common: provisions concerning non-discrimination tend not to cover generative AI, and generative AI rules tend not to cover discrimination. Based on this analysis, the Chapter considers what is currently the Eu legal framework on discriminatory output of generative AI models, and concludes that those expressions that are already prohibited by anti-discrimination law certainly remain prohibited after the approval of the AI Act, while discriminatory content that is not covered by Eu non-discrimination legislation will remain lawful. For the moment, the AI Act has not brought any particularly relevant innovation on this specific matter, but the picture might change in the future.

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Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Print publication year: 2025

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