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2 results

  • Chapter 10 - Literary Realism and Mental Breakdown

  • from Part II - Developments: Forms
  • Edited by Anna M. Elsner, Universität St Gallen, Switzerland, Monika Pietrzak-Franger, Universität Wien, Austria
  • Book:
    Literature and Medicine
    Published online:
    17 January 2024
    Print publication:
    18 January 2024, pp 167-185

  • Summary

    This chapter discusses psychoanalytic definitions of psychic pain (Freud, Bion, Pontalis) in relation to two European realist texts which represent the tradition pre and post Freudian psychoanalysis: Leo Tolstoy’s Anna Karenina (1877) and Elena Ferrante’s The Days of Abandonment (2002), which latter novel intertextually invokes Tolstoy’s work of classic realism published almost a century and a half before. The chapter argues that, while modernist literary forms, and the body of criticism spawned by the latter, are most closely associated with the idea and depiction of psychic dissolution, psychological realism anticipated both the concerns and procedures of psychoanalysis and might be regarded as providing an adjunct to modern-day therapeutic practices.

  • Mental pain as a global person-centered outcome measure

  • Fiammetta Cosci, Giovanni Mansueto, Silvia Benemei, Alberto Chiarugi, Francesco De Cesaris, Tom Sensky
  • Journal:
    CNS Spectrums / Volume 27 / Issue 5 / October 2022
    Published online by Cambridge University Press:
    27 July 2021, pp. 652-658
  • Background

    Mental pain has been proposed as a global person-centered outcome measure. The aim of this cross-sectional study was to test an essential requisite of such a measure, namely that mental pain incorporates independent contributions from a range of discrete but disparate outcome measures.

    Methods

    Two hundred migraine patients were assessed concerning migraine disability, psychosomatic syndromes, mental pain, depression, anxiety, and psychosocial dimensions. General linear models were tested to verify which measures would individually make unique contributions to overall mental pain.

    Results

    The final model, accounting for 44% of variance, identified that higher mental pain was associated with more severe depressive symptoms, higher migraine disability, lower well-being, and poorer quality of life.

    Conclusion

    In this sample, mental pain was shown to behave as expected of a global outcome measure, since multiple measures of symptomatology and quality of life showed modest but significant bivariate correlations with mental pain and some of these measures individually made unique contributions to overall mental pain.