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Visual disturbances are known to occur after spine surgery; this chapter describes a case of postoperative diplopia. This chapter presents a case study of a 34-year-old woman presented to the clinic with post-laminectomy kyphosis and subsequently underwent posterior fusion and fixation in the prone position. The patient developed facial edema and reported diplopia on the first postoperative day. Abducens nerve palsy, which causes diplopia without any other neurologic signs, is reported to be the most common cranial nerve palsy. Abducens nerve palsy was reported to be a complication of different procedures such as lumbar puncture, shunt surgery, maxillary osteotomy, cranial trauma, and skull traction. Prone spine cases are associated with postoperative visual disturbances. The present case suggests that diplopia in this context may be a self-limiting process due to sixth nerve stretch after fluid overload.
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