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2 results

  • Chapter 20 - Anaesthetic Breathing Systems

  • Edited by Daniel Rodger, Kevin Henshaw, Paul Rawling, Scott Miller
  • Book:
    Fundamentals of Operating Department Practice
    Published online:
    18 August 2022
    Print publication:
    08 September 2022, pp 218-223

  • Summary

    Anaesthetic breathing systems are used to deliver oxygen and anaesthetic gases to patients and remove carbon dioxide. A breathing system is most commonly attached to an anaesthetic machine, which is designed to deliver the fresh gas flow to the patient via a facemask, a supraglottic device or an endotracheal tube. The breathing system used can affect the composition of the gas and volatile anaesthetic mixture inhaled by the patient, and so it is important to understand the different breathing systems used in anaesthesia. This chapter describes the key components of the different breathing systems and explores the benefits and disadvantages of the circuits in the Mapleson classification.

  • Lack of efficacy of humidification in the treatment of croup: Why do physicians persist in using an unproven modality?

  • Elana Lavine, Dennis Scolnik
  • Journal:
    Canadian Journal of Emergency Medicine / Volume 3 / Issue 3 / July 2001
    Published online by Cambridge University Press:
    21 May 2015, pp. 209-212
    Print publication:
    July 2001
    • Article
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  • Background:

    Humidification is a time-honoured therapy for childhood croup (acute laryngotracheobronchitis). Despite a paucity of evidence supporting its use, many physicians, nurses and parents still apply this treatment. Our objective was to summarize available evidence and assess the rationale for the ongoing use of humidity to treat childhood croup.

    Methods:

    Searches of both MEDLINE and the Cochrane Database were conducted for English-language original or review literature on the treatment of croup with humidity, for the years 1966-1999.

    Results:

    Only 2 published studies have attempted to evaluate humidification therapy for croup, and none has been published since 1984. There is no published evidence to support the commonly held empirical view that humidity helps alleviate the symptoms of childhood croup, and no understanding of which factors of moisture or temperature affect patient outcomes. Risks may include scalding and unnecessary discomfort.

    Interpretation:

    There is no strong evidence supporting the use of humidity in the treatment of croup. Although such treatment is still widely used, it is not without risk, and further trials are required to address its efficacy.