Functional neuroimaging techniques have been used to assess the link between intake of food ingredients (i.e. glucose) and changes in hypothalamus, and to compare responses in lean and obese individuals. Several functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) studies reported transient changes of the blood oxygen level dependent (BOLD) signals in the hypothalamus after administration of glucose in rats and humans. Many peripheral metabolic signals directly or indirectly interact with brain dopamine (DA) pathways. This chapter discusses the relation of DA in brain regions during sensory perception of food. These regions include insular cortex, somatosensory cortex, orbitofrontal cortex (OFC), and amygdala. These brain imaging studies have the potential to facilitate the understanding of mechanisms underlying obesity and overeating behaviors and provide scientific bases for the assessment of the efficacy of drug treatments and for the development of novel pharmacological approaches.