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This chapter discusses the effects of massive road trauma, and examines the evidence of the efficacy of psychological intervention in these cases. It presents an outline of intervention strategies for survivors, bereaved, personnel and members of the community. It also discusses the recommendations given in relation to debriefing. The conditions under which group debriefing is used and suggested protocols to follow for survivors are described. There are several types of group debriefings, namely, operational debriefings, didactic debriefings, and psychological debriefings. Critical Incident Stress Debriefing (CISD), as developed by Mitchell, is the most widely used protocol for psychological debriefing. Debriefings and other crisis intervention strategies are provided generally after massive road trauma for emergency workers. The persistence of clinically significant sequelae to such disasters highlight the importance of assistance being available beyond the first few weeks, or even first months post crash.
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