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7 - Meteorology and Climate of Antarctica
- By Kyle R. Clem, Samuel Batzli, Deniz Bozkurt, David H. Bromwich, John Cassano, Mckenzie Dice, Andrew D. Elvidge, Ryan L. Fogt, Irina Gorodetskaya, Rishav Goyal, Marwan Katurji, Linda Keller, John King, Matthew Lazzara, David Mikolajczyk, Taylor Norton, Penny Rowe, Sheng-Hung Wang, Michiel Van den Broeke, Xun Zou
Edited by Andréa S. Taschetto, University of New South Wales, Thando Ndarana, University of Pretoria, Tercio Ambrizzi, University of São Paulo
Book:

Meteorology and Climate of the Southern Hemisphere

Published online:

10 December 2025

Print publication:

18 December 2025, pp 241-283
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Summary

This chapter offers an overview of Antarctica’s major meteorological and climate features using the latest methods, data products, and research findings. The first half of the chapter presents a thorough description of the Antarctic geography and its climatological temperature, precipitation, and near-surface environment. It provides a dedicated section covering Antarctic foehn and foehn-induced warming, which have been identified as major ‘hot spots’ for Antarctic surface melt and ice shelf destabilisation. Next the chapter details the major large-scale and regional atmospheric circulation patterns that characterise the high southern latitudes and strongly influence Antarctic meteorology, including the Southern Annular Mode, teleconnections associated with the El Niño Southern Oscillation, and the Amundsen Sea Low. We then present the latest research discoveries on Antarctic climate extremes, with a focus on Antarctic ‘atmospheric rivers’ and their role in driving extreme temperature, precipitation, and surface melt events. The chapter closes with a summary of recent Antarctic climate change, current research gaps and challenges, and recommendations for future work.

Plotinus: The Enneads

2nd edition
Edited and translated by Lloyd Gerson
Translated by George Boys-Stones, John M. Dillon, R. A. H. King, Andrew Smith, James Wilberding
Published online:

11 September 2025

Print publication:

11 September 2025
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Plotinus' Enneads is a work which is central to the history of philosophy in late antiquity. This is the second edition of the first English translation of the complete works of Plotinus in one volume in seventy years, which also includes Porphyry's Life of Plotinus. Led by Lloyd P. Gerson, a team of experts present up-to-date translations which are based on the best available text, the edition minor of Henry and Schwyzer and its corrections. The translations are consistent in their vocabulary, making the volume ideal for the study of Plotinus' philosophical arguments. This second edition includes a number of corrections, as well as additional cross-references to enrich the reader's understanding of Plotinus' sometimes very difficult presentation of his ideas. It will be invaluable for scholars of Plotinus with or without ancient Greek, as well as for students of the Platonic tradition.

5.2 (11) - On the Generation and Order of the Things Which Come after the First
from Ennead Five
Edited and translated by Lloyd Gerson, University of Toronto
Translated by George Boys-Stones, University of Toronto, John M. Dillon, Trinity College, Dublin, R. A. H. King, Universität Bern, Switzerland, Andrew Smith, University College Dublin, James Wilberding, Ruhr-Universität, Bochum, Germany
Book:

Plotinus: The Enneads

Published online:

11 September 2025

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11 September 2025, pp 552-555
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2.8 (35) - On Seeing, or On How It Is That Distant Things Appear Small
from Ennead Two
Edited and translated by Lloyd Gerson, University of Toronto
Translated by George Boys-Stones, University of Toronto, John M. Dillon, Trinity College, Dublin, R. A. H. King, Universität Bern, Switzerland, Andrew Smith, University College Dublin, James Wilberding, Ruhr-Universität, Bochum, Germany
Book:

Plotinus: The Enneads

Published online:

11 September 2025

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11 September 2025, pp 204-207
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Preface to the Second Edition
Edited and translated by Lloyd Gerson, University of Toronto
Translated by George Boys-Stones, University of Toronto, John M. Dillon, Trinity College, Dublin, R. A. H. King, Universität Bern, Switzerland, Andrew Smith, University College Dublin, James Wilberding, Ruhr-Universität, Bochum, Germany
Book:

Plotinus: The Enneads

Published online:

11 September 2025

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11 September 2025, pp ix-xii
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3.5 (50) - On Love
from Ennead Three
Edited and translated by Lloyd Gerson, University of Toronto
Translated by George Boys-Stones, University of Toronto, John M. Dillon, Trinity College, Dublin, R. A. H. King, Universität Bern, Switzerland, Andrew Smith, University College Dublin, James Wilberding, Ruhr-Universität, Bochum, Germany
Book:

Plotinus: The Enneads

Published online:

11 September 2025

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11 September 2025, pp 293-306
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3.2–3 (47 and 48) - On Providence
from Ennead Three
Edited and translated by Lloyd Gerson, University of Toronto
Translated by George Boys-Stones, University of Toronto, John M. Dillon, Trinity College, Dublin, R. A. H. King, Universität Bern, Switzerland, Andrew Smith, University College Dublin, James Wilberding, Ruhr-Universität, Bochum, Germany
Book:

Plotinus: The Enneads

Published online:

11 September 2025

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11 September 2025, pp 251-284
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5.9 (5) - On Intellect, Ideas, and Being
from Ennead Five
Edited and translated by Lloyd Gerson, University of Toronto
Translated by George Boys-Stones, University of Toronto, John M. Dillon, Trinity College, Dublin, R. A. H. King, Universität Bern, Switzerland, Andrew Smith, University College Dublin, James Wilberding, Ruhr-Universität, Bochum, Germany
Book:

Plotinus: The Enneads

Published online:

11 September 2025

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11 September 2025, pp 629-642
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1.9 (16) - On Exiting from the Body
from Ennead One
Edited and translated by Lloyd Gerson, University of Toronto
Translated by George Boys-Stones, University of Toronto, John M. Dillon, Trinity College, Dublin, R. A. H. King, Universität Bern, Switzerland, Andrew Smith, University College Dublin, James Wilberding, Ruhr-Universität, Bochum, Germany
Book:

Plotinus: The Enneads

Published online:

11 September 2025

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11 September 2025, pp 126-127
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4.8 (6) - On the Descent of Souls into Bodies
from Ennead Four
Edited and translated by Lloyd Gerson, University of Toronto
Translated by George Boys-Stones, University of Toronto, John M. Dillon, Trinity College, Dublin, R. A. H. King, Universität Bern, Switzerland, Andrew Smith, University College Dublin, James Wilberding, Ruhr-Universität, Bochum, Germany
Book:

Plotinus: The Enneads

Published online:

11 September 2025

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11 September 2025, pp 513-525
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Fragment: Plotinus on Voluntary Death, by Elias
from Ennead One
Edited and translated by Lloyd Gerson, University of Toronto
Translated by George Boys-Stones, University of Toronto, John M. Dillon, Trinity College, Dublin, R. A. H. King, Universität Bern, Switzerland, Andrew Smith, University College Dublin, James Wilberding, Ruhr-Universität, Bochum, Germany
Book:

Plotinus: The Enneads

Published online:

11 September 2025

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11 September 2025, pp 128-128
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6.6 (34) - On Numbers
from Ennead Six
Edited and translated by Lloyd Gerson, University of Toronto
Translated by George Boys-Stones, University of Toronto, John M. Dillon, Trinity College, Dublin, R. A. H. King, Universität Bern, Switzerland, Andrew Smith, University College Dublin, James Wilberding, Ruhr-Universität, Bochum, Germany
Book:

Plotinus: The Enneads

Published online:

11 September 2025

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11 September 2025, pp 777-801
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4.1 (21) - On the Substantiality of the Soul 2
from Ennead Four
Edited and translated by Lloyd Gerson, University of Toronto
Translated by George Boys-Stones, University of Toronto, John M. Dillon, Trinity College, Dublin, R. A. H. King, Universität Bern, Switzerland, Andrew Smith, University College Dublin, James Wilberding, Ruhr-Universität, Bochum, Germany
Book:

Plotinus: The Enneads

Published online:

11 September 2025

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11 September 2025, pp 379-380
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5.4 (7) - How That Which Is After the First Comes from the First, and on the One
from Ennead Five
Edited and translated by Lloyd Gerson, University of Toronto
Translated by George Boys-Stones, University of Toronto, John M. Dillon, Trinity College, Dublin, R. A. H. King, Universität Bern, Switzerland, Andrew Smith, University College Dublin, James Wilberding, Ruhr-Universität, Bochum, Germany
Book:

Plotinus: The Enneads

Published online:

11 September 2025

Print publication:

11 September 2025, pp 580-584
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1.1 (53) - What Is the Living Being and What Is the Human Being?
from Ennead One
Edited and translated by Lloyd Gerson, University of Toronto
Translated by George Boys-Stones, University of Toronto, John M. Dillon, Trinity College, Dublin, R. A. H. King, Universität Bern, Switzerland, Andrew Smith, University College Dublin, James Wilberding, Ruhr-Universität, Bochum, Germany
Book:

Plotinus: The Enneads

Published online:

11 September 2025

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11 September 2025, pp 43-55
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On the Life of Plotinus and the Order of His Books by Porphyry of Tyre
Edited and translated by Lloyd Gerson, University of Toronto
Translated by George Boys-Stones, University of Toronto, John M. Dillon, Trinity College, Dublin, R. A. H. King, Universität Bern, Switzerland, Andrew Smith, University College Dublin, James Wilberding, Ruhr-Universität, Bochum, Germany
Book:

Plotinus: The Enneads

Published online:

11 September 2025

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11 September 2025, pp 18-40
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5.7 (18) - On Whether or Not There Are Ideas of Individuals
from Ennead Five
Edited and translated by Lloyd Gerson, University of Toronto
Translated by George Boys-Stones, University of Toronto, John M. Dillon, Trinity College, Dublin, R. A. H. King, Universität Bern, Switzerland, Andrew Smith, University College Dublin, James Wilberding, Ruhr-Universität, Bochum, Germany
Book:

Plotinus: The Enneads

Published online:

11 September 2025

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11 September 2025, pp 609-612
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6.9 (9) - On the Good or the One
from Ennead Six
Edited and translated by Lloyd Gerson, University of Toronto
Translated by George Boys-Stones, University of Toronto, John M. Dillon, Trinity College, Dublin, R. A. H. King, Universität Bern, Switzerland, Andrew Smith, University College Dublin, James Wilberding, Ruhr-Universität, Bochum, Germany
Book:

Plotinus: The Enneads

Published online:

11 September 2025

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11 September 2025, pp 884-902
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2.3 (52) - On Whether the Stars Are Causes
from Ennead Two
Edited and translated by Lloyd Gerson, University of Toronto
Translated by George Boys-Stones, University of Toronto, John M. Dillon, Trinity College, Dublin, R. A. H. King, Universität Bern, Switzerland, Andrew Smith, University College Dublin, James Wilberding, Ruhr-Universität, Bochum, Germany
Book:

Plotinus: The Enneads

Published online:

11 September 2025

Print publication:

11 September 2025, pp 147-165
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2.1 (40) - On the Cosmos
from Ennead Two
Edited and translated by Lloyd Gerson, University of Toronto
Translated by George Boys-Stones, University of Toronto, John M. Dillon, Trinity College, Dublin, R. A. H. King, Universität Bern, Switzerland, Andrew Smith, University College Dublin, James Wilberding, Ruhr-Universität, Bochum, Germany
Book:

Plotinus: The Enneads

Published online:

11 September 2025

Print publication:

11 September 2025, pp 131-141
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7 - Meteorology and Climate of Antarctica

Summary

Plotinus: The Enneads

5.2 (11) - On the Generation and Order of the Things Which Come after the First

2.8 (35) - On Seeing, or On How It Is That Distant Things Appear Small

Preface to the Second Edition

3.5 (50) - On Love

3.2–3 (47 and 48) - On Providence

5.9 (5) - On Intellect, Ideas, and Being

1.9 (16) - On Exiting from the Body

4.8 (6) - On the Descent of Souls into Bodies

Fragment: Plotinus on Voluntary Death, by Elias

6.6 (34) - On Numbers

4.1 (21) - On the Substantiality of the Soul 2

5.4 (7) - How That Which Is After the First Comes from the First, and on the One

1.1 (53) - What Is the Living Being and What Is the Human Being?

On the Life of Plotinus and the Order of His Books by Porphyry of Tyre

5.7 (18) - On Whether or Not There Are Ideas of Individuals

6.9 (9) - On the Good or the One

2.3 (52) - On Whether the Stars Are Causes

2.1 (40) - On the Cosmos

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330 results

Summary

Plotinus: The Enneads