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R is fast becoming ubiquitous in the environmental sciences to analyse data. This book introduces environmental modeling and R. It assumes no background in either coding or calculus. It offers real-world examples, fully described programs, and detailed exercises. Readers learn how to analyse large datasets, create beautiful images, thoughtfully utilize the benefits of AI, and use techniques like optimization and sensitivity analysis in their modelling of complex environmental systems. Using examples from a range of environmental topics – including ecology, conservation, and climate science - the book will interest readers from a broad range of environmental and conservation sciences. Most graduate programs in environmental science and sustainability use R because it is both open source and powerful. R is common in government and consulting work, so students that go on to more advanced environmental modelling courses and potentially careers in the environmental field will find a grounding in R very useful.
This textbook offers a foundational overview of cognitive psychology, balancing accessible writing, practical applications, and research. By incorporating biological perspectives throughout, the authors provide a concise introduction to human cognition and its evolution over time as a means of adapting to our environment. Chapters cover key topics including cognitive neuroscience, attention and consciousness, perception, memory, knowledge representation, language, problem-solving and creativity, decision-making and reasoning, cognitive development, and intelligence. This seventh edition also introduces new content on human intelligence, consolidated into a final chapter. With its 'from lab to life' approach, the authors provide thorough coverage of theory, lab, and field research, while continually highlighting real-world applications to everyday life.
How can science explain ghost sightings, psychic readings, or the feeling of presence in an empty room? This book explores eerie, unexplained experiences through the lens of neuroscience and psychology. With chapters on sleep paralysis, alien abductions, false memories, psychic readings, mystical experiences, and even zombies, it invites readers to examine how the brain generates strange sensations - and why we often interpret them as supernatural. Designed to spark curiosity and sharpen critical thinking, this book blends scientific insight with storytelling. It is perfect for students, educators, and curious readers alike. Whether you're a skeptic, a believer, or somewhere in between, you'll come away with a deeper understanding of how our brains shape belief.
This book presents an interdisciplinary survey at the intersection of music, creativity, and medicine. Featuring contributions from medical doctors, psychologists, and musicians, it surveys thought-provoking findings in the music-medical borderlands. Experts in neuroscience explore the cerebral underpinnings of music, from auditory-motor interactions, to rhythm, to the role of music in therapy, epilepsy, and cognitive disorders. Case studies describe medical biographies of musical masters, including Beethoven's deafness, Schumann's deterioration, Ravel's dementia, and Gershwin's brain tumor. There are accompanying studio recordings from the volume editors. Students, researchers, or anyone interested in the new frontiers of music in medicine will find original cross-disciplinary connections in this volume.
This undergraduate biological psychology textbook offers a critical introduction to brain and behavior. Psychology lectures open with 'the brain is the most complex and mysterious object in the universe', only to quickly reduce that complexity by teaching simplified models. This textbook challenges these narratives by focusing on the latest neurotechnological advances, to clarify the limits of current models, and to inspire the development of safe and accessible technologies for human use. Its central aim is to promote critical thinking and inspire students to pose novel research questions that build from current advances. It is an ideal textbook for instructors who are eager to push beyond a conventional introductory curriculum. Beautifully illustrated and full of practical applications, it is accompanied by teaching slides and a test bank.
Brain imaging is the foundation of cognitive neuroscience research and increasingly important for many domains in the behavioral sciences. This book provides a complete introduction to brain imaging for students, using non-technical and accessible language. Each chapter presents a specific brain imaging modality within its scientific context, addressing practical implementation, experimental design considerations, and analytical approaches. All the most commonly used techniques are covered, including fMRI, EEG, MEG, PET, TMS, FNIRS, and ECoG. By examining the latest tools in the field today, readers will develop critical skills for selecting appropriate techniques to address specific research questions in their own work. The authors draw upon their substantial experience as both researchers and educators in brain imaging and neuroscience to turn technical complexities into approachable concepts. This book provides an essential foundation for newcomers to brain imaging while offering valuable methodological insights for more advanced students.
Developed specifically for students in the behavioral and brain sciences, this textbook provides a practical overview of human neuroimaging. The fully updated second edition covers all major methods including functional and structural magnetic resonance imaging, positron emission tomography, electroencephalography, magnetoencephalography, multimodal imaging, and brain stimulation methods. Two new chapters have been added covering computational imaging as well as a discussion of the potential and limitations of neuroimaging in research. Experimental design, image processing, and statistical inference are addressed, with chapters for both basic and more advanced data analyses. Key concepts are illustrated through research studies on the relationship between brain and behavior, and review questions are included throughout to test knowledge and aid self-study. Combining wide coverage with detail, this is an essential text for advanced undergraduate and graduate students in psychology, neuroscience, and cognitive science programs taking introductory courses on human neuroimaging.
This leading textbook introduces students and practitioners to the identification and analysis of animal remains at archaeology sites. The authors use global examples from the Pleistocene era into the present to explain how zooarchaeology allows us to form insights about relationships among people and their natural and social environments, especially site-formation processes, economic strategies, domestication, and paleoenvironments. This new edition reflects the significant technological developments in zooarchaeology that have occurred in the past two decades, notably ancient DNA, proteomics, and isotope geochemistry. Substantially revised to reflect these trends, the volume also highlights novel applications, current issues in the field, the growth of international zooarchaeology, and the increased role of interdisciplinary collaborations. In view of the growing importance of legacy collections, voucher specimens, and access to research materials, it also includes a substantially revised chapter that addresses management of zooarchaeological collections and curation of data.
While most programmes in neuroscience are understandably built around imparting foundational knowledge of cell biology, neurons, networks and physiology, there is less attention paid to critical perspectives on methods. This book addresses this gap by covering a broad array of topics including the philosophy of science, challenges of terminology and language, reductionism, and social aspects of science to challenge claims to explanation and understanding in neuroscience. Using examples from dominant areas of neuroscience research alongside novel material from systems that are less often presented, it promotes the general need of scientists (and non-scientists) to think critically. Chapters also explore translations between neuroscience and technology, artificial intelligence, education, and criminology. Featuring accessible material alongside further resources for deeper study, this work serves as an essential resource for undergraduate and graduate courses in psychology, neuroscience, and biological sciences, while also supporting researchers in exploring philosophical and methodological challenges in contemporary research.
Revised and updated throughout, the second edition of this succinct textbook provides the perfect introduction to biomaterials, linking the fundamental properties of metals, polymers, ceramics and natural biomaterials to the unique advantages and limitations surrounding their biomedical applications. New chapters on protein chemistry and interactions, immunology and tissue response, and biocompatibility round out student understanding. Clinical concerns such as sterilization, surface modification, cell-biomaterial interactions, drug delivery systems and tissue engineering are discussed, giving students insight into real-world challenges associated with biomaterials engineering. Key concepts are summarized alongside the text, allowing students to identify the most vital information. The final chapter discusses clinical applications, challenging students to consider future industrial possibilities. Concise enough to be taught in one semester, requiring only a basic understanding of biology, accompanied by over 180 end-of-chapter problems, and featuring color figures throughout, this accessible textbook continues to be ideal for students of engineering, materials science and medicine.
The fully revised fifth edition of this highly acclaimed undergraduate textbook provides a thought-provoking introduction to evolutionary psychology, while assuming no prior knowledge of evolutionary theory. The authors continue to carefully guide students towards a level of understanding where they can critically apply evolutionary theory to psychological explanation, providing an engaging and balanced discussion of the field. New material has been added on female homosexuality, artificial intelligence and language, cooking and human brain expansion, Covid-19 and rates of evolutionary change, and the effects of digital media on mental health. This edition also has new and revised boxed case studies, many new figures, extra discussion questions, and additional further reading suggestions. The text is accompanied by online resources including an updated test bank and lecture slides, as well as new answers to the end-of-chapter questions. This is essential reading for students taking undergraduate and graduate courses in evolutionary psychology.
Fully updated for the second edition, this text remains a comprehensive and current treatment of the cognitive neuroscience of memory. Featuring a new chapter on group differences in long-term memory, areas covered also include cognitive neuroscience methods, human brain mechanisms underlying long-term memory success, long-term memory failure, implicit memory, working memory, memory and disease, memory in animals, and recent developments in the field. Both spatial and temporal aspects of brain processing during different types of memory are emphasized. Each chapter includes numerous pedagogical tools, including learning objectives, background information, further reading, review questions, and figures. Slotnick also explores current debates in the field and critiques of popular views, portraying the scientific process as a constantly changing, iterative, and collaborative endeavor.
Attention is critical to our daily lives, from simple acts of reading or listening to a conversation to the more demanding situations of trying to concentrate in a noisy environment or driving on a busy roadway. This book offers a concise introduction to the science of attention, featuring real-world examples and fascinating studies of clinical disorders and brain injuries. It introduces cognitive neuroscience methods and covers the different types and core processes of attention. The links between attention, perception, and action are explained, along with exciting new insights into the brain mechanisms of attention revealed by cutting-edge research. Learning tools – including an extensive glossary, chapter reviews, and suggestions for further reading – highlight key points and provide a scaffolding for use in courses. This book is ideally suited for graduate or advanced undergraduate students as well as for anyone interested in the role attention plays in our lives.
The Neuroscience of Language offers a remarkably accessible introduction to language in the mind and brain. Following the chain of communication from speaker to listener, it covers all fundamental concepts from speech production to auditory processing, speech sounds, word meaning, and sentence processing. The key methods of cognitive neuroscience are covered, as well as clinical evidence from neuropsychological patients and multimodal aspects of language including visual speech, gesture, and sign language. Over 80, full color figures are included to help communicate key concepts. The main text focuses on big-picture themes, while detailed studies and related anecdotes are presented in footnotes to provide interested students with many opportunities to dive deeper into specific topics. Throughout, language is placed within the larger context of the brain, illustrating the fascinating connections of language with other fields including cognitive science, linguistics, psychology, and speech and hearing science.
Fully updated and revised, Cognitive and Social Neuroscience of Aging, 2nd Edition provides an accessible introduction to aging and the brain. Now with full color throughout, it includes over fifty figures illustrating key research findings and anatomical diagrams. Adopting an integrative perspective across domains of psychological function, this edition features expanded coverage of multivariate methods, moral judgments, cognitive reserve, prospective memory, event boundaries, and individual differences related to aging, including sex, race, and culture. Although many declines occur with age, cognitive neuroscience research reveals plasticity and adaptation in the brain as a normal function of aging. With this perspective in mind, the book emphasizes the ways in which neuroscience methods have enriched and changed thinking about aging.
This innovative text introduces neuroscience students to the visual language of scientific publications, teaching scientific literacy, research methods, and graphical literacy in an engaging way. Employing a 'pictures first' pedagogical approach, it walks the reader step-by-step through the interpretation of neuroscience figures and explains the principles of experimental design. The major research techniques – from neuroimaging, to behavioral methods, to genetics and comparative approaches – are explored, illuminating how they are represented graphically in journal articles, and their strengths and limitations as a research tool. More than 130 example figures provide experimental paradigms for the more difficult-to-visualize methods, and depict actual results taken from the recently published scientific literature. Data from several study designs are discussed, including clinical case studies, meta-analyses, and experiments from behavior to molecular genetics. Concrete examples of experiments are provided along with each method, helping students with the design of their own research questions.
This introductory textbook with a global scope aims to train students of geography, sustainability, and urban and environmental studies to re-imagine and transform cities to meet climate, biodiversity, and sustainability challenges. A dedicated team of authors critically examine the relationships between nature and urban areas, sharing an inspiring account of how nature helps us re-think our cities and their futures. Prior to this textbook, literature for courses covering urban nature was written by and for practitioners, whereas this textbook is written by experienced course instructors specifically to be accessible to diverse students. The textbook is illustrated with numerous photos and figures which bring key topics, challenges, and opportunities to life. It contains focus boxes and case studies from every continent, offering students an international scope and multiple entry points into the field. Chapters conclude with thought-provoking follow-up questions and recommended reading. The authors provide an array of supplementary online resources.
Providing students with a solid understanding of core ecological concepts while explaining how ecologists raise and answer real-world questions, this second edition weaves together classic and cutting-edge case studies to bring the subject to life. It is fully updated throughout, including two chapters devoted to climate change ecology, along with extensive coverage of disease ecology, and has been designed specifically to equip students with the tools to analyze and interpret real data. Each chapter emphasizes the linkage between observations, ideas, questions, hypotheses, predictions, results, and conclusions. Additional summary sections describe the development and evolution of research programs in each of ecology's core areas, providing students with essential context. Integrated discussion questions, along with end-of-chapter questions, encourage active learning. These are supported by online resources including tutorials that teach students to use the R programming language for statistical analyses of data presented in the text.
Cognitive and Social Neuroscience of Aging is an introduction to how aging affects the brain, intended for audiences with some knowledge of psychology, aging, or neuroscience. The book includes figures illustrating brain regions so that extensive familiarity with neuroanatomy is not a pre-requisite. The depth of coverage also makes this book appropriate for those with considerable knowledge about aging. This book adopts an integrative perspective, including topics such as memory, cognition, cognitive training, emotion, and social processes. Topics include consideration of individual differences and the impact of disorders (e.g. Alzheimer's disease) on brain function with age. Although many declines occur with age, cognitive neuroscience research reveals plasticity and adaptation in the brain as a function of normal aging. This book is written with this perspective in mind, emphasizing the ways in which neuroscience methods have enriched and changed thinking about aging.