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Estructura y dinámica poblacional en la frontera de cazadores-recolectores/agricultores: El registro bioarqueológico de Jaime Prats-1 (Mendoza, Argentina)

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  23 May 2022

Eva A. Peralta Open the ORCID record for Eva A. Peralta [Opens in a new window] ,
Leandro H. Luna ,
Claudia Aranda ,
María de la Paz Pompei ,
Adolfo F. Gil  and
Gustavo A. Neme
Eva A. Peralta
Affiliation:
(evaailenperalta@gmail.com, autor de contacto), (agil@mendoza-conicet.gob.ar), (gneme@mendoza-conicet.gob.ar) Instituto de Evolución, Ecología Histórica y Ambiente, CONICET, San Rafael, Argentina
Leandro H. Luna
Affiliation:
(lunaranda@gmail.com) Instituto Multidisciplinario de Historia y Ciencias Humanas, CONICET; Facultad de Filosofía y Letras, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
Claudia Aranda
Affiliation:
(arandaclau@gmail.com) Cátedra de Endodoncia, Facultad de Odontología, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
María de la Paz Pompei
Affiliation:
(paz.pompei@gmail.com) Instituto Superior de Estudios Sociales, CONICET, San Miguel de Tucumán, Argentina
Adolfo F. Gil
Affiliation:
(evaailenperalta@gmail.com, autor de contacto), (agil@mendoza-conicet.gob.ar), (gneme@mendoza-conicet.gob.ar) Instituto de Evolución, Ecología Histórica y Ambiente, CONICET, San Rafael, Argentina
Gustavo A. Neme
Affiliation:
(evaailenperalta@gmail.com, autor de contacto), (agil@mendoza-conicet.gob.ar), (gneme@mendoza-conicet.gob.ar) Instituto de Evolución, Ecología Histórica y Ambiente, CONICET, San Rafael, Argentina
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Abstract

En este estudio paleodemográfico contribuimos a la discusión sobre el impacto de la incorporación de recursos vegetales domesticados en poblaciones del sitio Jaime Prats-1, el área de entierros humanos con mayor número de individuos del centro occidente argentino. La ubicación espacial y temporal del sitio arqueológico se corresponde con el registro de cultígenos prehispánicos en la región, por lo que resulta relevante para entender la dinámica poblacional en un área de interacción entre grupos cazadores-recolectores y sociedades agricultoras. Los resultados del análisis de los perfiles de edades de muerte, el Índice de Juventud y la suma de probabilidades de los fechados radiocarbónicos disponibles, indican un pulso de crecimiento demográfico entre los 2000 y los 1500 años aP, correspondiente al período de uso del sitio. Tomando como referencia un conjunto de cazadores-recolectores contemporáneos y otro de agricultores tardíos, ambos procedentes de la región, Jaime Prats-1 ocupa una posición intermedia, de confluencia entre ambos sistemas de subsistencia.

In this paleodemographic study, we contribute to the discussion about the impact of the incorporation of domesticated plants in the life of the human population of the Jaime Prats-1 site, the burial area with the highest number of individuals in central-western Argentina. The chronology and spatial location of the site correspond to the presence of macroremains of prehispanic cultigens. The results of age-at-death profiles, the Juvenile Index, and the radiocarbon summed probability distributions show a demographic growth pattern of around 2000–1500 years BP, corresponding to the period of use of the site. Comparing Jaime Prats-1 with hunter-gatherer and agriculturalist reference samples, both located in the same region, Jaime Prats-1 is placed in an intermediate position, suggesting the convergence of both subsistence strategies.

Keywords

paleodemografíaproducción de alimentosfrontera agrícola sudamericanapaleodemographyfood productionSouth American agricultural frontier
Type
Article
Information
Latin American Antiquity , Volume 34 , Issue 3 , September 2023 , pp. 458 - 476
Copyright
Copyright © The Author(s), 2022. Published by Cambridge University Press on behalf of the Society for American Archaeology

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