Hostname: page-component-745bb68f8f-b6zl4 Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2025-01-11T03:00:09.824Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Archaeological evidence for the tsunami of January 18, A.D. 749: a chapter in the history of Early Islamic Qâysariyah (Caesarea Maritima)

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  27 November 2014

Hendrik Dey ,
Beverly Goodman-Tchernov  and
Jacob Sharvit
Hendrik Dey
Affiliation:
Hunter College, New York, hendrikdey@gmail.com
Beverly Goodman-Tchernov
Affiliation:
University of Haifa, goodmanbeverly@gmail.com
Jacob Sharvit
Affiliation:
Israel Antiquities Authority, koby@israntique.org.il
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

An abstract is not available for this content so a preview has been provided. Please use the Get access link above for information on how to access this content.
Image of the first page of this content. For PDF version, please use the ‘Save PDF’ preceeding this image.'
Type
Articles
Information
Journal of Roman Archaeology , Volume 27 , 2014 , pp. 357 - 373
Copyright
Copyright © Journal of Roman Archaeology L.L.C. 2014

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Al-Bâladhurî, . Kitâb Futûh al-Buldân, ed. de Goeje, M. J., Liber expugnationis regionum (Leiden 1866).Google Scholar
Ambraseys, N. 2009. Earthquakes in the Mediterranean and Middle East: a multidisciplinary study of seismicity up to 1900 (Cambridge).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Amiran, D. K. H., Arieh, E. and Turcotte, T. 1994. “Earthquakes in Israel and adjacent areas: macroseismic observations since 100 B.C.E.,” IEJ 44, 260–305.Google Scholar
Arnon, Y. D. 2008. Caesarea Maritima, the late periods (700-1291 CE) (BAR S1771; Oxford).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Avni, G. 2011. “‘From polis to madina’ revisited — urban change in Byzantine and early Islamic Palestine,” J. R. Asiatic Soc. 21, 301–29.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Avnimelech, M. 1962. “The main trends in the Pleistocene-Holocene history of the Israelian coastal plain,” Quarternaria 6, 479–95.Google Scholar
Bowersock, G. W. 2006. Mosaics as history: the Near East from late antiquity to Islam (Cambridge, MA).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Boyce, J. and Reinhardt, E. 2004. “Marine magnetic survey of a submerged Roman harbour, Caesarea Maritima, Israel,” IJNA 33, 122–36.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bryant, E. A. 2001. Tsunami: the underrated hazard (Cambridge).Google Scholar
Bryant, E. A. and Nott, J. 2001. “Geological indicators of large tsunami in Australia,” Natural Hazards 24, 231–49.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Dey, H. and Goodman-Tchernov, B. 2010. “Mediterranean tsunamis and the port of Caesarea Maritima over the longue durée: a geoarchaeological perspective,” JRA 23, 265–84.Google Scholar
Donato, S. V., Reinhardt, E. G., Boyce, J. I., Rothaus, R. and Vosmer, T. 2008. “Identifying tsunami deposits using bivalve shell taphonomy,” Geology 36, 199–202.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Goff, J., Chagué-Goff, C., Nichol, S., Jaffe, B. and Dominey-Howes, D. 2012. “Progress in palaeotsunami research,” Sedimentary Geology 243–44, 70-88.Google Scholar
Goodman-Tchernov, B. N., Dey, H. W., Reinhardt, E. G., McCoy, F. and Mart, Y. 2009. “Tsunami waves generated by the Santorini eruption reached eastern Mediterranean shores,” Geology 37, 943–46.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hitti, P. 1916. The origins of the Islamic state (London).Google Scholar
Holum, K. 2011a. “Caesarea Palaestinae, a paradigmatic transition?,” in id. and Lapin 2011, 11–31.Google Scholar
Holum, K. 2011b. “Caesarea in Palestine: shaping the early Islamic town,” in Borrut, A. et al. (edd.), Le Proche-Orient de Justinien aux Abbassides: peuplement et dynamiques spatiales (Turnhout) 169–86.Google Scholar
Holum, K. G., Raban, A. and Patrich, J. (edd.) 1999. Caesarea papers 2 (JRA Suppl. 35).Google Scholar
Holum, K. G., Stabler, J. A. and Reinhardt, E. G. (edd.) 2008. Caesarea reports and studies: excavations 1995-2007 within the Old City and the ancient harbor (BAR S1784; Oxford).Google Scholar
Holum, K. and Lapin, H. (edd.) 2011. Shaping the Middle East. Jews, Christians, and Muslims in an age of transition 400-800 C.E. (College Park, MD).Google Scholar
Kilfeather, A. A., Blackford, J. J. and van der Meer, J. J. M. 2007. “Micromorphological analysis of coastal sediments from Willapa Bay, Washington, USA: a technique for analysing inferred tsunami deposits,” Pure and Applied Geophysics 164, 509–25.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lampinen, P. 2008. “Preliminary coin report, Areas LL and TP, 1996-2000 and 2002 seasons,” in Holum, , Stabler, and Reinhardt, 2008, 41–48.Google Scholar
Lehmann, C. M. 1999. “The governor's palace and warehouse complex, west flank (areas KK 7-9 and CV, 1993-95 excavations),” in Holum, , Raban, and Patrich, 1999, 137–49.Google Scholar
Le Roux, J. P. and Vargas, G. 2005. “Hydraulic behavior of tsunami backflows: insights from their modern and ancient deposits,” Environmental Geology 49, 65–75.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Levy-Rubin, M. (ed. and transl.) 2002. The Continuatio of the Samaritan Chronicle of Abû ’l-Fath al-Sâmirîal-Danafî (Princeton, NJ).Google Scholar
Levy-Rubin, M. 2011. “Changes in the settlement pattern of Palestine following the Arab conquest,” in Holum, and Lapin, 2011, 155–72.Google Scholar
Mahaney, W. C. and Dohm, J. M. 2011. “The 2011 Japanese 9.0 magnitude earthquake: test of a kinetic energy wave model using coastal configuration and offshore gradient of earth and beyond,” Sedimentary Geology 239, 80–86.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Marco, S., Hartal, M., Hazan, N., Lev, L. and Stein, M. 2003. “Archaeology, history and geology of the A.D. 749 earthquake, Dead Sea transform,” Geology 31.8, 665–68.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Marriner, N. and Morhange, C. 2007. “Geoscience of ancient Mediterranean harbours,” Earth-Science Reviews 80.3, 137–94.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Mart, Y. and Perecman, I. 1996. “Caesarea: unique evidence for faulting patterns and sea level fluctuations in the Late Holocene,” in Raban, and Holum, 1996, 3–24.Google Scholar
Michael the Syrian, Chronique de Michel le Syrien (Chabot, J.-B., ed. and transl.; Paris 1899–1910).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Mienis, H. K., Zaslow, R. Ben David and Mayer, D. E. Bar-Yosef 2006. “Glycymeris in the Levant Sea 1. Finds of recent Glycymeris Insubrica in the south east corner of the Mediterranean Sea,” Triton 13, 5–9.Google Scholar
Morhange, C. et al. 2014. “Geoarchaeology of tsunamis and the revival of neocatastrophism,” Rosapat 11, 61–81.Google Scholar
Neev, D., Bakler, N. and Emery, K. O. 1987. Mediterranean coasts of Israel and Sinai (New York).Google Scholar
Neev, D., Bakler, N., Moshkovitz, S., Kaufman, A., Magaritz, M. and Gofna, R. 1973. “Recent faulting along the Mediterranean coast of Israel,” Nature 245, 254–56.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Neev, D., Shachnai, E., Hall, J. K., Bakler, N. and Ben-Avraham, Z. 1978a. “The young (post-lower Pliocene) geological history of the Caesarea structure,” Israel J. Earth Sciences 27, 43–64.Google Scholar
Neev, D., Shachnai, E., Hall, J. K., Bakler, N. and Ben-Avraham, Z. 1978b. “The young (post-lower Pliocene) geological history of the Caesarea structure — reply,” Israel J. Earth Sciences 27, 146–49.Google Scholar
Niamir, M. 1999. “A corpus of Islamic ceramics (area Z, 1987 season),” in Holum, , Raban, and Patrich, 1999, 41–67.Google Scholar
Patrich, J. 1999. “The warehouse complex and governor's palace, 1995,” in Holum, , Raban, and Patrich, 1999, 70–107.Google Scholar
Patrich, J. 2011a. “Caesarea in transition. The archaeological evidence from the southwest zone (areas CC, KK, NN),” in Holum, and Lapin, 2011, 33–63.Google Scholar
Patrich, J. 2011b. Studies in the archaeology and history of Caesarea Maritima (Leiden).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Pfannenstiel, M. 1952. “Das Quartär der Levante, I: Die Kueste Palaestina-Syriens,” Akad. Wiss. und Lit. Mainz, Abh. mathematisch-naturwissenschaftlichen Kl. 1952 Nr. 7, 373–475.Google Scholar
Porath, J. 1990. “Caesarea,” ESI 9, 133–34.Google Scholar
Porath, J. 2002. “The water-supply to Caesarea: a re-assessment,” in Amit, D., Patrich, J. and Hirschfeld, Y. (edd.), The aqueducts of Israel (JRA Suppl. 46) 104–29.Google Scholar
Raban, A. 1996. “The inner harbor basin of Caesarea: archaeological evidence for its gradual demise,” in Raban, and Holum, 1996, 628–66.Google Scholar
Raban, A. (ed.) 1989. The harbours of Caesarea Maritima. Results of the Caesarea Ancient Harbour Excavation Project, 1980-1985, vol. 1 (BAR S491, Oxford).Google Scholar
Raban, A. and Holum, K. G. (edd.) 1996. Caesarea Maritima: a retrospective after two millennia (Leiden).Google Scholar
Raban, A. et al. 1999a. “Land excavations in the inner harbour (1993-94),” in Holum, , Raban, and Patrich, 1999, 198–224.Google Scholar
Raban, A. et al. 1999b. “The underwater excavations, 1993-94,” in Holum, , Raban, and Patrich, 1999, 153–68.Google Scholar
Raban, A. and Yankelevitz, S. 2008. “A Byzantine/Early Islamic bath on the S flank of the Temple Platform, excavations 1995,” in Holum, , Stabler, and Reinhardt, 2008, 67–84.Google Scholar
Raban, A. 2009 (edd. Artzy, M., Goodman, B. and Gal, Z.), The harbour of Sebastos (Caesarea Maritima) in its Roman Mediterranean context (BAR S1930; Oxford).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Reinhardt, E. G. 1999. “Stratigraphic excavation of the outer harbor deposits: preliminary report (1994),” in Holum, , Raban, and Patrich, 1999, 189–97.Google Scholar
Reinhardt, E. G. et al. 2006. “The tsunami of 13 December A.D. 115 and the destruction of Herod the Great's harbor at Caesarea Maritima, Israel,” Geology 34.12, 1061–64.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Reinhardt, E. G. and Raban, A. 2008. “Site formation and stratigraphic development of Caesarea’s ancient harbor,” in Holum, , Stabler, and Reinhardt, 2008, 158–84.Google Scholar
Ronen, A. 1980. “The origin of the raised pelecypod beds along the Mediterranean coast of Israel,” Paléorient 6, 165–72.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Salamon, A. et al. 2007. “Tsunami hazard evaluation of the eastern Mediterranean: historical analysis and selected modeling,” Bull. Seismological Soc. Am. 97.3, 705–24.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Scheffers, A. and Kelletat, D. 2004. “Bimodal tsunami deposits — a neglected feature in paleotsunami research,” Geographie der Meere und Küsten 1 (Coastline Reports 1) 67–75.Google Scholar
Shalem, N. 1956. “Seismic tidal waves (tsunamis) in the eastern Mediterranean,” Bull. Israel Expl. Soc. 20, 159–70 [Hebrew].Google Scholar
Sivan, D., Potasman, M., Almogi-Labin, A., Mayer, D. E. Bar-Yosef, Spanier, E. and Boaretto, E. 2006. “The Glycymeris query along the coast and shallow shelf of Israel, southeast Mediterranean,” Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology 233, 134–48.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Sivan, H. 2008. Palestine in late antiquity (Oxford).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Stabler, J. and Holum, K. 2008. “The warehouse quarter (area LL) and the Temple Platform (area TP), 1996-2000 and 2002 seasons,” in Holum, , Stabler, and Reinhardt, 2008, 1–39.Google Scholar
Szczuciński, W. 2011. “The post-depositional changes of the onshore 2004 tsunami deposits on the Andaman sea coast of Thailand,” Natural Hazards 60, 115–33.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Thomas, D. and Buyce, R. 1993. “Geoarchaeological survey,” in Raban, A., Holum, K. and Blakely, J. (edd.), The Combined Caesarea Expeditions. Field report of the 1992 season, Part I (Haifa) 74–75; Part II (Haifa) 105.Google Scholar
Tsafrir, Y. and Foerster, G. 1992. “The dating of the ‘earthquake of the sabbatical year’ of 749 C.E. in Palestine,” BullSOAS 52, 231–35.Google Scholar
Vött, A. et al. 2011. “Sedimentological and geoarchaeological evidence of multiple tsunamigenic imprint on the Bay of Palairos-Pogonia (Akarnania, NW Greece),” Quaternary Int. 242, 213–39.Google Scholar
Walmesley, A. 2007. Early Islamic Syria: an archaeological assessment (London).Google Scholar
Whitcomb, D. 2011. “Qaysariyah as an Early Islamic settlement,” in Holum, and Lapin, 2011, 65–82.Google Scholar
Zulay, M. 1936. “Liturgical poems on various historical events,” in Studies Res. Inst. Hebrew Poetry, vol. 3 (Berlin) 151–83 [Hebrew].Google Scholar