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Nanocrystalline BaTiO3 from freeze-dried nitrate solutions

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  31 January 2011

J. M. McHale ,
P. C. McIntyre ,
K. E. Sickafus  and
N. V. Coppa
J. M. McHale
Affiliation:
Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 85745
P. C. McIntyre
Affiliation:
Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 85745
K. E. Sickafus
Affiliation:
Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 85745
N. V. Coppa
Affiliation:
Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 85745
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Abstract

An aqueous, all nitrate, solution-based preparation of BaTiO3 is reported here. Rapid freezing of a barium and titanyl nitrate solution, followed by low temperature sublimitation of the solvent, yielded a freeze-dried nitrate precursor which was thermally processed to produce BaTiO3. XRD revealed that 10 min at temperatures ≧600 °C resulted in the formation of phase pure nanocrystalline BaTiO3. TEM revealed that the material was uniform and nanocrystalline (10–15 nm). The high surface to volume ratio inherent in these small particles stabilized the cubic phase of BaTiO3 at room temperature. It was also found that the average particle size of the BaTiO3 produced was highly dependent upon calcination temperature and only slightly dependent upon annealing time. This result suggests a means of selection of particle size of the product through judicious choice of calcination temperature. The experimental details of the freeze-dried precursor preparation, thermal processing of the precursor, product formation, and product morphology are discussed.

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Articles
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Journal of Materials Research , Volume 11 , Issue 5 , May 1996 , pp. 1199 - 1209
Copyright
Copyright © Materials Research Society 1996

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