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Molecular characterization of prophenoloxidase-1 (PPO1) and the inhibitory effect of kojic acid on phenoloxidase (PO) activity and on the development of Zeugodacus tau (Walker) (Diptera: Tephritidae)

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  22 June 2018

H.-H. Zhang ,
M.-J. Luo ,
Q.-W. Zhang ,
P.-M. Cai ,
A. Idrees ,
Q.-E. Ji ,
J.-Q. Yang  and
J.-H. Chen
H.-H. Zhang
Affiliation:
Institute of Beneficial Insects, Plant Protection College, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, PR, China UN (China) Center for Fruit Fly Prevention and Treatment, Fuzhou 350002, China State Key Laboratory of Ecological Pest Control for Fujian and Taiwan Crops, Fuzhou 350002, China Key Lab of Biopesticide and Chemical Biology, Ministry of Education, Fuzhou 350002, China
M.-J. Luo
Affiliation:
Institute of Beneficial Insects, Plant Protection College, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, PR, China UN (China) Center for Fruit Fly Prevention and Treatment, Fuzhou 350002, China State Key Laboratory of Ecological Pest Control for Fujian and Taiwan Crops, Fuzhou 350002, China Key Lab of Biopesticide and Chemical Biology, Ministry of Education, Fuzhou 350002, China
Q.-W. Zhang
Affiliation:
Institute of Beneficial Insects, Plant Protection College, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, PR, China UN (China) Center for Fruit Fly Prevention and Treatment, Fuzhou 350002, China State Key Laboratory of Ecological Pest Control for Fujian and Taiwan Crops, Fuzhou 350002, China Key Lab of Biopesticide and Chemical Biology, Ministry of Education, Fuzhou 350002, China
P.-M. Cai
Affiliation:
Institute of Beneficial Insects, Plant Protection College, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, PR, China UN (China) Center for Fruit Fly Prevention and Treatment, Fuzhou 350002, China State Key Laboratory of Ecological Pest Control for Fujian and Taiwan Crops, Fuzhou 350002, China Key Lab of Biopesticide and Chemical Biology, Ministry of Education, Fuzhou 350002, China
A. Idrees
Affiliation:
Institute of Beneficial Insects, Plant Protection College, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, PR, China UN (China) Center for Fruit Fly Prevention and Treatment, Fuzhou 350002, China State Key Laboratory of Ecological Pest Control for Fujian and Taiwan Crops, Fuzhou 350002, China Key Lab of Biopesticide and Chemical Biology, Ministry of Education, Fuzhou 350002, China
Q.-E. Ji
Affiliation:
Institute of Beneficial Insects, Plant Protection College, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, PR, China UN (China) Center for Fruit Fly Prevention and Treatment, Fuzhou 350002, China State Key Laboratory of Ecological Pest Control for Fujian and Taiwan Crops, Fuzhou 350002, China Key Lab of Biopesticide and Chemical Biology, Ministry of Education, Fuzhou 350002, China
J.-Q. Yang
Affiliation:
Institute of Beneficial Insects, Plant Protection College, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, PR, China UN (China) Center for Fruit Fly Prevention and Treatment, Fuzhou 350002, China State Key Laboratory of Ecological Pest Control for Fujian and Taiwan Crops, Fuzhou 350002, China Key Lab of Biopesticide and Chemical Biology, Ministry of Education, Fuzhou 350002, China
J.-H. Chen*
Affiliation:
Institute of Beneficial Insects, Plant Protection College, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, PR, China UN (China) Center for Fruit Fly Prevention and Treatment, Fuzhou 350002, China State Key Laboratory of Ecological Pest Control for Fujian and Taiwan Crops, Fuzhou 350002, China Key Lab of Biopesticide and Chemical Biology, Ministry of Education, Fuzhou 350002, China
*
*Author for correspondence Phone: (0591)83789421, 87270998 Fax: (0591)83789421 E-mail: jhchen34@126.com
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Abstract

Phenoloxidase (PO) plays a key role in melanin biosynthesis during insect development. Here, we isolated the 2310-bp full-length cDNA of PPO1 from Zeugodacus tau, a destructive horticultural pest. qRT-polymerase chain reaction showed that the ZtPPO1 transcripts were highly expressed during larval–prepupal transition and in the haemolymph. When the larvae were fed a 1.66% kojic acid (KA)-containing diet, the levels of the ZtPPO1 transcripts significantly increased by 2.79- and 3.39-fold in the whole larvae and cuticles, respectively, while the corresponding PO activity was significantly reduced; in addition, the larval and pupal durations were significantly prolonged; pupal weights were lowered; and abnormal phenotypes were observed. An in vitro inhibition experiment indicated that KA was an effective competitive inhibitor of PO in Z. tau. Additionally, the functional analysis showed that 20E could significantly up-regulate the expression of ZtPPO1, induce lower pupal weight, and advance pupation. Knockdown of the ZtPPO1 gene by RNAi significantly decreased mRNA levels after 24 h and led to low pupation rates and incomplete pupae with abnormal phenotypes during the larval-pupal interim period. These results proved that PO is important for the normal growth of Z. tau and that KA can disrupt the development of this pest insect.

Keywords

developmentinhibitorkojic acidphenoloxidase activitytranscriptional levels

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Type
Research Papers
Information
Bulletin of Entomological Research , Volume 109 , Issue 2 , April 2019 , pp. 236 - 247
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Copyright © Cambridge University Press 2018 

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