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This comprehensive guide navigates the intersection of psychology, peacebuilding, and violence engagement among youth. Beginning with an exploration of psychology's role in social justice, it establishes the groundwork in restorative justice and peace education, areas ripe for psychological exploration. The book introduces the conceptualized peace framework, illuminating how young people interpret societal discourses to shape their identities within the context of peace and harmony. Through empirical examples, the framework's efficacy is demonstrated, followed by practical methods and future directions for educators, practitioners, and policymakers. Core to its mission is unravelling the psychological mechanisms underlying participation in peace education and restorative justice, probing how past experiences influence engagement and shape social identities. By addressing these questions, the book offers a roadmap grounded in theoretical development, bolstered by empirical case studies and methodological approaches, to guide scholars and students in fostering peaceful, harmonious societies.
Constructions are long-term pairings in memory of form and meaning. How are they created and learned, how do they change, and how do they combine into new utterances (constructs, communicative performances) in working memory? Drawing on evidence from word-formation (blending, Noun-Noun-compounds) over idioms and argument structure constructions to multimodal communication, we argue that computational metaphors such as 'unification' or 'constraint-satisfaction' do not constitute a cognitively adequate explanation. Instead, we put forward the idea that construction combination is performed by Conceptual Blending – a domain-general process of higher cognition that has been used to explain complex human behavior such as, inter alia, scientific discovery, reasoning, art, music, dance, math, social cognition, and religion. This title is also available as Open Access on Cambridge Core.
To understand why the Chinese Communist Party has sustained its authoritarian political system, it is important to examine China's politics through the eyes of its people. This book presents the first comprehensive study of the political psychology of citizens in rising China, examining their attitudes toward democracy, their government, and their authoritarian political system, alongside their views of China's rise and its relations with foreign nations. It uses data from multiple public opinion surveys to elucidate the evolution of Chinese people's political perceptions and preferences under Xi's leadership. The author develops the theory of political guardianship psychology, a novel framework for understanding the Chinese political mindset. By applying a political-psychological approach, the chapters detail the strengths and vulnerabilities of China's authoritarian system, offering valuable insights into the country's trajectory. As such, the book is an essential resource for scholars in political psychology, political science, Chinese studies, and foreign policy.
Fathers influence their children's development in many ways, including financially and emotionally, but the literature revealing how and why is limited. This book brings together theoretical orientations and different disciplinary lenses to the study of how and why fathers matter for children's development. It challenges the commonly held view that fathers are only economic providers and points to the complex interplay between the love fathers have for their children and the money they have (or not) to support them. By integrating developmental science with economics, and drawing on real-life examples from qualitative research, the authors argue that fatherhood is a tale of two stories: love and money.
As body image research continues to expand, it can be difficult for clinicians and researchers to know how to choose the most appropriate measures to assess and treat patients. This handbook provides a comprehensive and well-organized catalogue of existing body image and related measures, detailing their descriptions, psychometric properties, and recommended applications, enabling readers to easily identify the most suitable tools for their studies or clinical work. It also offers guidance on adapting these measures for diverse cultural contexts, ensuring assessments are culturally relevant and sensitive. The book features step-by-step instructions on how to administer, score, and interpret each measure, with real-world examples that make it highly practical and accessible. With its focus on accuracy, cultural sensitivity, and ease of application, this handbook is invaluable for researchers, counselors, educators, and health professionals focused on body image.
The four fundamental forms of sociality structure our relationships. By comparing hundreds of cultures across more than 5,000 years, this book builds on relational models theory to reveal how each of the four basic types of relationship is conceived in their own distinctive cognitive medium. The text demonstrates how people use their food and bodies to foster affiliation, spatial dimensions to form hierarchy, concrete operations of one-to-one matching to create equality, and employ arbitrary, conventional symbols for proportion-based relationships. Originating from the author's ethnographic fieldwork in a West African village, this innovative social theory integrates findings from social, cognitive, and developmental psychology, linguistics and semiotics, anthropology, archeology, art history, religious studies, and ancient texts. The chapters offer compelling insights into readers' everyday social relations by showing what humans think their social relationships actually are.
Historically, infant–parent synchrony has been measured using methods that provide a global assessment of interpersonal synchrony, representing the quality of dyadic interactions. These approaches have illuminated much about synchrony as a broad construct but lack granular details on the temporal dynamics of these interactions. This Element introduces technologically advanced methods for assessing brain and behavior that can offer detailed insights into the dynamic temporal structure of infant–parent social exchanges. These advancements will significantly enhance our understanding of the bidirectional processes that underpin early emerging dyadic exchanges and how these vary across time and context.
In Chilling Effects, Jonathon W. Penney explores the increasing weaponization of surveillance, censorship, and new technology to repress and control us. With corporations, governments, and extremist actors using big data, cyber-mobs, AI, and other threats to limit our rights and freedoms, concerns about chilling effects – or how these activities deter us from exercising our rights – have become urgent. Penney draws on law, privacy, and social science to present a new conformity theory that highlights the dangers of chilling effects and their potential to erode democracy and enable a more illiberal future. He critiques conventional theories and provides a framework for predicting, explaining, and evaluating chilling effects in a range of contexts. Urgent and timely, Chilling Effects sheds light on the repressive and conforming effects of technology, state, and corporate power, and offers a roadmap of how to respond to their weaponization today and in the future.
Answering the question 'How have you become the person you are today?' encourages people to build their narrative identity, referring to their ever-changing, internalized life story. Life stories are grounded in autobiographical memory and provide the basis for the experience of personhood; that is, the experience of being an individual with a past, present, and future in a certain culture at a certain time. Traditionally, researchers have approached the study of life story psychology either by focusing on autobiographical memories or through narratives of individual memories, life story chapters, or entire life narratives. This book is the first to bring these isolated approaches together to reveal new perspectives on how people construct their identities and understand their lives across time and cultural contexts. Featuring chapters by leading experts, it offers a thorough introduction to both approaches that enrich our understanding of life story psychology.
Historical trauma is a relatively new yet crucial area of study within psychology, history, and related disciplines. This book introduces the concept of historical trauma by providing a comprehensive overview of the latest vocabulary, seminal psychological concepts, and quantitative research in the field. By drawing together cross-disciplinary threads and examining eight global contexts of historical trauma, the author highlights a wide-ranging and rigorous body of research that further adds to our clinical understanding of the possible long-term effects of collective trauma. The chapters also explore remedies against the historical effects of trauma, which tend to go far beyond psycho-therapeutic interventions, especially when they are dedicated to the culture of remembrance or empowerment for disadvantaged young people. By revealing a wealth of new ideas that point to a pivotal moment in the evolution of social sciences, this volume can help transform the way psychologists serve victimized communities around the world.
Social and developmental psychology are often viewed as distinct subdisciplines, each with its own theories and methodologies. However, this book seeks to bridge that divide by proposing an integrative framework that considers various levels of analysis, from the individual to the societal. It emphasizes the interplay of fundamental concepts such as intra- and inter-group conflict and change across these levels. By revisiting and renewing foundational theories of development, the book introduces the concept of 'genetic social psychology.' This approach is applied to the complex case of the Cyprus conflict, as well as other conflict and post-conflict scenarios, uncovering transformative possibilities for both theory and practice. Ultimately, this work advocates for a broader, more cohesive understanding of psychological processes in social contexts, addressing contemporary challenges and enhancing our grasp of human behavior.
This book introduces readers to the field of dyadic health science, offering a theoretical understanding of how two people experience and navigate health and illness together. It provides a detailed overview of how the field has evolved over time, exploring its links to relationship science, psychology, nursing and health-related fields, family science, social work, gerontology, and the science of behavior change. Chapters examine established and emerging theories, methods, and interventions in dyadic health science, providing numerous state-of-the-art examples of best practices in the field. Combining the expertise of the three authors with insights from 22 scholars, the volume evaluates the current challenges and future directions in the field. By making the theory and methods of dyadic health science accessible, this book provides guidance on building research skills for both seasoned professionals and early-career researchers alike.
Ancient Greek terminology continues to shape contemporary discourse; hubris is a case in point. Typically seen as the catastrophic yet common tendency to reach too high, only to fall, it remains a fixture in the contemporary discourse of business and politics. But hubris has also become a term of art for researchers in a number of academic disciplines; and it remains a hotly contested topic in Classics. This unique volume of essays explores the connections, continuities and differences between ancient hubris and its modern counterparts. Its distinguished multidisciplinary cast of experts in Classics, Business and Management Studies and Psychology explores what modern researchers can learn from the theorisation and deployment of hubris in ancient sources and how modern approaches to hubris can help us understand the ancient concept.
This textbook provides students with basic literacy on key issues related to Justice, Equity, Diversity, and Inclusion in the United States. Over twelve chapters, it employs critical race theory and intersectionality to promote critical thinking and civic engagement on issues such as American culture, gendered racism, and Black reparations. Each chapter employs interactive and engaging opportunities to learn, making it the ideal introductory resource for undergraduate students. The text is structured around real-world stories, which exemplify the humanity of each person and the complexity of these issues. Causadias presents questions for further discussion or to enhance comprehension, defines key concepts, debunks popular myths, summarizes evidence from trusted sources that challenge misinformation and disinformation, and proposes in-class exercises. Curated reading lists can be found at the end of every chapter for readers to expand their understanding of different topics. This book is also available as Open Access on Cambridge Core.
This book provides a concise and up-to-date guide to Cognitive Behavioural Therapy (CBT), from the history and supporting theory, through to the most recent empirical evidence and practical aspects of delivery. Starting with an overview of the structure of CBT, practitioners can utilise this detailed guide to deliver therapy in clinical practice, whilst its coverage of various adaptations of CBT, such as group therapy and working with older adults, allow therapy to be tailored to different settings with different timeframes attached. Covering all the major CBT protocols necessary to work with a wide range of common mental health conditions. A comprehensive resource for a wide range of practitioners providing practical approaches, goals, and strategies to manage mental health problems using CBT. Part of the Cambridge Guides to the Psychological Therapies series, offering all the latest scientifically rigorous, and practical information on a range of key, evidence-based psychological interventions for clinicians.
Religion plays an important role in what and how we eat. Indeed, food is a critical component of religion-as well as a reflection of the other components that make religion unique. This fact is what necessitates greater attention towards food as a lens for understanding psychological phenomenon both within the psychology of religion and the social scientific community at large. Utilizing theories and exemplars from multiple disciplines, the authors discuss how food relates to four dimensions of religion – beliefs (Section 2), values (Section 3), practices (Section 4), and community (Section 5). Throughout the Element and in a concluding section, the authors provide exciting directions for future research. In addition to providing a review of our current understanding of the role of food and religion, this work ultimately seeks to inspire researchers and students to investigate the role of food in religious life.
There are many different types of decisions – from the important and life-changing to the mundane and everyday – but all are important for our functioning as humans. This book offers an accessible guide to the complex process of human decision-making, tailored for both undergraduate and graduate students. It combines recent research with real-life examples to provide a comprehensive understanding of the underlying biology of decision-making, its relationship to cognitive abilities such as working memory, executive function and attention, and its intersection with development. The book also explores applications and theories of decision-making, giving readers a broader perspective on the field. Presented in an accessible format with in-depth explanations, the work provides everything needed to build a strong basis of understanding of the underlying biology to the more complex topics of how decision-making develops and impacts on other behaviours. Discussion points are included throughout to encourage deeper reflection on the content covered.
Developed specifically for students in the behavioral and brain sciences, this textbook provides a practical overview of human neuroimaging. The fully updated second edition covers all major methods including functional and structural magnetic resonance imaging, positron emission tomography, electroencephalography, magnetoencephalography, multimodal imaging, and brain stimulation methods. Two new chapters have been added covering computational imaging as well as a discussion of the potential and limitations of neuroimaging in research. Experimental design, image processing, and statistical inference are addressed, with chapters for both basic and more advanced data analyses. Key concepts are illustrated through research studies on the relationship between brain and behavior, and review questions are included throughout to test knowledge and aid self-study. Combining wide coverage with detail, this is an essential text for advanced undergraduate and graduate students in psychology, neuroscience, and cognitive science programs taking introductory courses on human neuroimaging.
The intersections between arts, creativity and health are of significant importance in the humanities and social sciences. Arts and health research, for example, suggests that the arts offer participatory and transformational alternatives to traditional health communication. However, concepts and methods are predominantly informed by Global North research, and critical insights from arts traditions elsewhere remain to be fully integrated into common models. Ghana offers a unique case study for examining local and global dynamics in arts-based health communication, because of the country's rich art traditions as well as its place in global history and in the global imagination. Healing art forms like music and sculpture have evolved through intentional cross-cultural borrowings, as well as through changes imposed through slavery, colonialism and post-colonial political systems. Selling Healing tells a polyvocal story of how Ghanaian art forms intersect with health, illness and healing, inviting a re-imagining of health communication in global health.
The innocence of childhood does not protect against exposure to stress. More than half of US children are exposed to adverse experiences, such as abuse, neglect, witnessing domestic violence, parental psychopathology, or divorce, and all children encounter normative stressors like school transitions and challenges with peers. This Element discusses research on stress psychobiology during childhood, from birth to age ten. The Element focuses on important contexts that shape children's responses to stress and their coping capacities, including the family system, peers, schools, neighborhoods, the broader culture, as well as clinical settings. Sources of stress and resilience in each context are described.