We use cookies to distinguish you from other users and to provide you with a better experience on our websites. Close this message to accept cookies or find out how to manage your cookie settings.
To save content items to your account,
please confirm that you agree to abide by our usage policies.
If this is the first time you use this feature, you will be asked to authorise Cambridge Core to connect with your account.
Find out more about saving content to .
To save content items to your Kindle, first ensure no-reply@cambridge.org
is added to your Approved Personal Document E-mail List under your Personal Document Settings
on the Manage Your Content and Devices page of your Amazon account. Then enter the ‘name’ part
of your Kindle email address below.
Find out more about saving to your Kindle.
Note you can select to save to either the @free.kindle.com or @kindle.com variations.
‘@free.kindle.com’ emails are free but can only be saved to your device when it is connected to wi-fi.
‘@kindle.com’ emails can be delivered even when you are not connected to wi-fi, but note that service fees apply.
Connecting theory, practice, and industry, this innovative introduction to the complex field of translation takes a can-do approach. It explores the latest advances in both research and technology, considers the importance of different genres and contexts, and takes account of developments in our understanding of the mental and physical processes involved. Chapters covers four main areas: what we know and how we acquire knowledge about translation, what translation is for, where and how translation happens, and how to do it. There are 40 illustrative exercises throughout, designed to cement understanding and encourage critical engagement, and recommendations for further reading are provided to allow more in-depth exploration of specific topics. Introducing Translation is a cutting-edge resource for advanced undergraduate and graduate students in languages, linguistics, and literatures.
The definitive Kiswahili guide to essay writing with pertinent examples.
Kielezo cha Insha is the earliest guide to essay writing in Kiswahili, published by Wits University Press in 1954.
After Tanzania's independence in 1961 the book was not available for several decades because of the political and economic sanctions against the apartheid regime in South Africa.
The book covers pertinent issues in composition writing, including the purpose and types of composition, preparation, structure, language and style, cohesion, objectivity and punctuation. It includes 60 model essays together with Robert's thoughts and perspectives on the issues he addresses. The topics include some of the issues current at the time, such as 'secret marriages', culture, the environment, language and nationhood, patriotism, women's oppression, health, and the meaning of life and death.
After being out of print for more than sixty years, Wits University Press has reissued the text as a testament to its enduring historical value. Kielezo cha Insha is an example of Robert's educational and pedagogical writing at its best.
The Neuroscience of Language offers a remarkably accessible introduction to language in the mind and brain. Following the chain of communication from speaker to listener, it covers all fundamental concepts from speech production to auditory processing, speech sounds, word meaning, and sentence processing. The key methods of cognitive neuroscience are covered, as well as clinical evidence from neuropsychological patients and multimodal aspects of language including visual speech, gesture, and sign language. Over 80, full color figures are included to help communicate key concepts. The main text focuses on big-picture themes, while detailed studies and related anecdotes are presented in footnotes to provide interested students with many opportunities to dive deeper into specific topics. Throughout, language is placed within the larger context of the brain, illustrating the fascinating connections of language with other fields including cognitive science, linguistics, psychology, and speech and hearing science.
Focusing on the development of Noam Chomsky's linguistic framework, this book is the first full-length, in-depth treatment of the history of the concept of parameter, a central notion of syntactic theory. Spanning 60 years of syntactic theory, it explores all aspects of its development through the different phases of the Chomskyan school, from the 'standard theory' of the mid-1960 to the current Minimalist Program. Emphasis is put on three main topics: the foundational issues in the formulation of the Principles and Parameters model; the original formulation of the “classical” parameters of the Government-Binding Theory of the 1980s (which are then evaluated from the perspective of Chomskyan thought today), and current debates on the nature of parametric variation in light of Generative Grammar's most recent theoretical developments. Through step-by-step, detailed explanations, it provides the reader with a comprehensive account of both parametric theory and the development of Generative Grammar.
In an era characterised by information saturation and the rapid evolution of digital communication platforms, the study of persuasive language is undergoing profound developments. Bringing together cutting-edge research from a team of internationally acclaimed experts, this timely book examines the transformations occurring in the domain of persuasive language in contemporary society. It dissects the intricate web of manipulation, influence and deception, providing in-depth analyses of the potent mechanisms governing communication. Each chapter offers empirical insights from a range of different scholarly perspectives, including corpus linguistics, conversation analysis, forensic linguistics, pragmatics, discourse analysis, phonetics and human-robot interactions. It opens with a comprehensive introductory chapter, making the research accessible to readers without extensive background knowledge. Equipping readers with the tools to critically engage with the multifaceted dynamics of language and persuasion, this is an indispensable resource for anyone striving to fathom the evolving realm of persuasive language.
Now in its second edition, this highly accessible introductory textbook establishes the fundamentals driving the field of second language (L2) acquisition research, including its historical foundations. Intended for the novice in the field with no background in linguistics or psycholinguistics, it explains important linguistic concepts, and how and why they are relevant to second language acquisition. Topics are presented via a 'key questions' structure that enables the reader to understand how these questions have motivated research in the field, and the problems to which researchers are seeking solutions. This edition has been fully updated to incorporate new research, with a new chapter focusing on language transfer, and new sections on the growing field of third and subsequent language acquisition, and how the acquisition of phonology reflects the key questions. With discussion questions and project ideas as well as a glossary, this is a complete package for an introductory course on second language acquisition.
Are screens the modern mirrors of the soul? The postdigital condition blurs the line between screens, humans, physical contexts, virtual worlds, analogue texts, and time as linear and lockstep. This book presents a unique study into people and their screen lives, giving readers an original perspective on digital literacies and communication in an ever-changing and capaciously connected world. Seventeen individuals who all live on the same crescent, aged from 23 to 84, share their thoughts, habits, and ruminations on screen lives, illuminating eclectic, complex, and dynamic insights about life in a postdigital age. Their stories are brought to life through theory, interview excerpts, song lyrics, and woodcut illustrations. Breaking free from digital literacy as a separate, discrete skill to one that should be taught as it is lived – especially as automation, AI, and algorithms encroach into our everyday lives – this fascinating book pulls readers into the future of digital education.
Modality – the ways in which language can express grades of reality or truth – is the subject of a vast and long-established body of research. In this book, field-leader Jan Nuyts brings together twenty years of his research to offer a comprehensive, fully integrated view on areas of contentious debate within modality, from a functional and cognitive perspective. The book provides an empirically grounded, conceptual reanalysis of modality and related categories including evidentiality, volition, intention, directivity, subjectivity and mirativity. It argues for the dissolution of the category of modality and for an alternative division of the wider field of semantic notions at stake. The analysis also reflects on how to model the language faculty, and on the issue of language and thought. It is essential reading for researchers interested in the semantics of modality and in the implications of this domain for understanding the cognitive infrastructure for language and thought.
Driven by the transformative idea that the brain operates as a predictive engine, this book offers a rigorous yet accessible introduction to predictive processing's core concepts while navigating major theories with depth and critical evaluation. Huettig incorporates historical contexts and maintains a critical stance, shedding light on the pros and cons of various approaches across the many academic disciplines that investigate future-oriented behavior. Looking Ahead is indispensable reading for early students of the science of prediction in psychology, cognitive science, neuroscience, linguistics, artificial intelligence and computer science, experts in related fields, and for anyone who has ever wondered why, as a species, we take so much interest in what lies ahead.
This Element deals with the interplay between phonology, phonetics and acquisition. It addresses the question of whether and how phonological representations are acquired in adult second language (L2) learners in the face of phonetic variation inherent in speech. Drawing from a large number of empirical studies on the acquisition of L2 speech sounds, the Element outlines how phonetic or phonological representations develop in L2 learners on the basis of input in immersion and instructed language learning contexts. Taking in insights from sociophonetics and clinical linguistics, the Element further discusses how accent variation impacts second language phonological acquisition and what clinical studies on individuals with atypical language development can tell us about the nature of phonological representations. Finally, new avenues in the field of L2 phonology are explored, especially with regard to methodological challenges and opportunities related to the use of spontaneous speech and remote data collection.
Bringing together scholars specialising in Russian studies, linguistic and cultural anthropology, sociolinguistics and ethnolinguistics, this collection examines the discursive practices in which migrants' homes are framed, negotiated and constructed to reveal the complexity and ambivalence of home as a concept and as a phenomenon of social life.
By examining migrants' stories about moving home, the book explores the stages of linguistic and cultural adaptation. It demonstrates that immigrants' homes are semiotic storehouses revealing their owners' past and present as well as aspirations for the future. It presents the first multifaceted investigation of the interdependence of materiality and emotions and materiality and language use by Russian-speaking immigrants.
New Perspectives on English Word Stress explores the mechanism of word stress assignment in contemporary English from different methodological and theoretical perspectives. Comprising nine chapters, these approaches include a historical overview of the study of stress; the relationship between historic changes in stress and meaning; the relationship between spelling and stress; syllable weight and stress; the theoretical treatment of exceptions; stress mechanisms in Australian English; and stress in Singapore English. The book presents new data and provides the reader with access to various approaches to English word stress in phonology.
Stress and accent are central to the study of sound systems in language. This book surveys key work carried out on stress and accent and provides a comprehensive conceptual foundation to the field. It offers an up-to-date set of tools to examine stress and accent from a range of perspectives within metrical stress theory, connecting the acoustic phenomenon to a representation of timing, and to groupings of individual speech sounds. To develop connections, it draws heavily on the results of research into the perception of musical meter and rhythm. It explores the theory by surveying the types of stress and accent patterns found among the world's languages, introducing the tools that the theory provides, and then showing how the tools can be deployed to analyse the patterns. It includes a full glossary and there are lists of further reading materials and discussion points at the end of each chapter.
Are you at your wits' end trying to master the Arabic language? With thousands of entries, this dictionary will help you to rattle off idioms and expressions in no time. The ability to use and understand idioms and expressions often marks the difference between a language-learning beginner and a natural-sounding language user. This dictionary translates over 8,000 Arabic idioms and expressions into English, covering a wide range of situations and registers. It helps intermediate and advanced learners of Arabic working in fields including translation, academia and business to hone their skills, and is equally useful to native Arabic speakers involved in translating and interpreting from Arabic to English.
Bringing together a renowned group of scholars from a range of disciplines – sociolinguistics, linguistic anthropology, philosophy of language, and language documentation – this book explores the role academics can play in language activism. It surveys the most common tensions that language researchers experience in their attempts to enact social change through their work, such as how far they can become politically involved, how they can maintain objectivity in an activist role, whether their work can ever be apolitical, and what ideologies they propagate. In a series of concise original chapters, each author discusses their own experiences and personal concerns; some offering more theoretically informed elaborations on the topic of language activism. Showcasing the state-of-the-art in language activism, this book is essential reading for anyone considering the need for scholarly engagement with the public and the communities in which they work, and the impact that this activism can have on society.
Processability Theory (PT) is a psycholinguistic theory of second language acquisition. The theory builds on the fundamental assumption that learners can acquire only those linguistic forms and functions which they can process. Therefore, PT is based on the architecture of the human language processor. PT is implemented in a theory of grammar that is compatible with the basic design of the language processor. This Element gives a concise introduction to the psycholinguistic core of PT - showing that PT offers an explanation of language development and variation based on processing constraints that are specified for typologically different languages and that apply to first and second language acquisition, albeit in different ways. Processing constraints also delineate transfer from the first language and the effect of formal intervention. This Element also covers the main branches of research in the PT framework and provides an introduction to the methodology used in PT-based research.
Challenging the liberal notion of the classroom as a neutral space, Social Justice and the Language Classroom invites you to become advocates, allies, and activists, and gives you the conceptual and practical tools to fight against systemic injustice in education and beyond.
This practical resource book examines issues of inequity, marginalization, discrimination, and oppression that are regularly experienced by language learners coming from diverse backgrounds in terms of race, ethnicity, social class, ability, language and sexuality. Drawing on examples from international contexts and including problem-posing and reflective tasks, sample lesson plans, activities and resource materials, this book provides you with vital knowledge for socially just language teaching and provides the pedagogical tools to apply these in classroom contexts.
With its emphasis on intersectionality and global competence, the book builds bridges between critical pedagogy, political economy, critical race theory, feminist pedagogy, and queer theory to equip you with the tools to recognize systems of oppression and inequality, understand how they interact, and to adopt social justice pedagogies for transformation and social change.
Metacognition, the awareness and regulation of one's own learning process, is a cornerstone of effective language learning. This element is a ground-breaking text that offers a comprehensive guide to incorporating metacognitive strategies into the teaching of reading, writing, vocabulary, and listening. This element stands as a bridge between theoretical frameworks and actionable teaching practices, enabling educators to enhance their students' language proficiency in a holistic manner. This element is replete with case studies, examples from diverse learning contexts, and evidence-based practices. It is an invaluable resource for language educators who aspire to cultivate independent learners capable of self-assessment and strategy adjustment. By fostering metacognitive awareness across all facets of language learning, this element empowers students to take charge of their own learning journey, leading to more profound and lasting language mastery.
Exploring the major syntactic phenomena of German, this book provides a state-of-the-art account of German syntax, as well as an outline of the key aspects of Chomsky's Minimalist Program. It is one of the first comprehensive studies of the entire syntactic component of a natural language within the Minimalist Program, covering core issues including clause structure, binding, case, agreement, control, and movement. It introduces a phase-based theory of syntax that establishes Remove, an operation that removes syntactic structure, as a mirror image of Merge, which builds syntactic structure. This unified approach resolves many cases of conflicting structure assignments in syntax, as they occur with passivization, restructuring, long-distance passivization, complex prefields, bridge verbs, applicatives, null objects, pseudo-noun incorporation, nominal concord, and ellipsis. It will pave the way for similar research into other languages and is essential reading for anyone interested in the syntax of German, syntactic theory, or the Minimalist Program.
Metrical systems differ in patterns of stress assignment, the domains over which those patterns are built, and acoustic manifestations of stress. It has been widely debated in the phonological/phonetic literature how stress should be represented, what mechanisms govern its assignment, and whether the phonetic underpinnings of primary/secondary stress exist independently of other prominence effects (e.g. boundary strengthening, pitch accents). This Element addresses these fundamental issues on the basis of an in-depth study of a hybrid (lexical-grammatical) metrical system of Ukrainian. It synthesizes previous results with new findings, focusing on the phonetic as well as formal description of the Ukrainian system. The lexical-grammatical stress interactions in Ukrainian pose a challenge for current metrical theories, shed light on the relation between the lexical and grammatical stress domains, and the relationship between categorical and gradient aspects of the metrical system. This title is also available as Open Access on Cambridge Core.