Peripartum rupture of the uterus is rare, but is a life-threatening complication leading to maternal and perinatal morbidity and mortality. There is wide variation in the reported incidence of rupture of the uterus, with high incidence and more morbidity and mortality among the developing countries compared to the developed world. In the high-income countries uterine rupture is mainly due to scar rupture, while in the developing world, rupture due to prolonged and obstructed labour is still happening in spite of the progress made in the field of antenatal and intrapartum care. Caesarean section rates are increasing all over the world, and women with prior caesarean section are at higher risk of uterine rupture during subsequent pregnancy. Women with a previous lower segment caesarean section can opt for an elective caesarean delivery or a vaginal delivery after caesarean (VBAC). The most feared complication of VBAC is uterine rupture with its associated maternal and fetal consequences.