Mobile learning, including MALL (mobile-assisted language learning), is coming of age against the backdrop of an increasingly mobile, increasingly superdiverse world. This chapter presents an updated, more detailed version of the Pegrum’s 3 Mobilities Framework to guide educators in designing appropriate forms of mobile learning for their students. It offers examples at each of the levels of the framework, which are drawn, as appropriate, from across the Global North and the Global South: Level 1 – mobile devices (inside the classroom), Level 2A – mobile learners (inside the classroom), Level 2B – mobile learners (outside the classroom), and Level 3 – mobile learning experiences (outside the classroom). While reminding educators that their designs must always suit their intended learning outcomes, their students, and their contexts, the chapter demonstrates that it is at Level 3 that mobile learning most closely accords with the needs of mobile people in a mobile world.

Chapter 2 provides an overview of smart technological developments covering three areas: smart individuals; smart buildings; and smart environments. A key element of smartness across all these areas is sensorisation and the rapid spread of sensorised devices that enable new forms of data collection. Focus is placed on the smartphone as a sensor collecting device that can be used for individual, communal and societal purposes. Other sensors, such as bio-implants and smart pills are examined. The analysis of smart buildings examines the smart home, workplaces and stores. The use of sensor data in smart cities is also examined. Chapter 2 demonstrates the intractable link between notions and benefits of ‘smartness’ and sensor data collections.

Chapter 3 examines the implications of sensorisation in the smart home. The smart home is chosen as a collected world case study for several reasons. First, it is a site of dense sensorisation and thus a good space to explore technological infrastructures that belie the smart world. Second, it is one of the prime sites of sensor data commercialisation, including the new business models that are developing. Third, the home is a legally protected idyll of the ‘private’ and it plays a cherished role as a space of autonomous individual growth in liberal societies. The chapter details the complex data generation anatomy of the smart home and examines it from its sensing, reasoning and intervening processes. Even though the smart home is framed as a space of seamless technological experience, its infrastructural anatomy is fragmented and multifarious because it includes multiple data collection devices, diverse collection pathways and involves several different infrastructures. Chapter 3 concludes by highlighting that sensor data is key to the operation of the smart home and the business models that are now starting to develop.